Video & Transcript DataContr Research : 'financial transparency'
Page 30 of 50
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- However, the current structure puts an unnecessary financial burden on the City of Houston and our first
- Poor transparency and questionable use of the money.
- And I think that that falls back into the interpretation of our financial statements.
- Financial because, yeah, it's a multi-year process.
- So, based on the certified financial audits, the current...
Keywords:
railroad, train, collision, information disclosure, safety, driver's license, reporting, off-highway vehicles, public land, safety certificate, transportation, Parks and Wildlife Code, tolls, county revenue, civil penalty, ad valorem tax, transportation funding, public safety, infrastructure, toll road authority
Summary:
The meeting involved significant discussions around several bills focused on public safety and infrastructure, particularly involving the Texas Toll Road Authority. A prominent topic was SB2722 and its implications for funding essential services at the local level. Various members expressed concerns that the bill could undermine local budgets and infrastructure projects, potentially redirecting funds intended for critical transport services to cover emergency responses without proper oversight. Fire and police representatives emphasized the importance of toll revenue being used for its intended purposes rather than being diverted to address fiscal mismanagement within the city.
US
Us Congress 2025-2026 Regular Session
Business meeting to consider the nomination of Michael Faulkender, of Maryland, to be Deputy Secretary of the Treasury; to be immediately followed by hearings to examine the nomination of Mehmet Oz, of Pennsylvania, to be Administrator of the Centers Mar 14th, 2025 at 09:00 am
Senate Finance Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- And last, the Corporate Transparency Act, a law enforcement and national security measure supported by
- own loyalists at the Treasury Department and to give them unlimited access to Americans' personal financial
- span marker="399" data-time="4776">As an example, I think President Trump's executive order on transparency
- The lack of transparency into what goes on when that pill leaves the pharmaceutical company and ends
- All that interoperability of information and transparency safely shared with you, the patient, I think
Keywords:
Michael Falkender, Deputy Secretary of the Treasury, IRS, taxpayer privacy, nomination process, committee hearing
Summary:
The committee convened to discuss critical issues surrounding the nomination of Michael Falkender for the position of Deputy Secretary of the Treasury. This meeting included a series of remarks from committee members who expressed divergent views on Falkender's qualifications and the implications of his appointment. Senator Wyden voiced strong opposition, arguing that Falkender represents harmful policies expected to be perpetuated under the current administration, especially concerning taxpayer privacy and IRS tactics. Meanwhile, other members defended Falkender, noting his extensive experience, including a commitment to transparency in government operations if confirmed.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Trade, Workforce & Economic Development Apr 9th, 2025 at 10:30 am
House Trade, Workforce & Economic Development Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- and that financial burden in childcare is a strain not able
- I'm all about open transparency.
- And we have full transparency.
- Everything we do is for transparency.
- transparency.
Bills:
HB74, HB175, HB460, HB576, HB2271, HB2294, HB2874, HB3016, HB3133, HB3191, HB3458, HB3929, HB4063, HB4115, HB4394
Keywords:
Puerto Verde, Port Authority, eminent domain, bonds, tax assessments, economic development, infrastructure, transportation, public welfare, child care, certifications, Texas Rising Star Program, grant program, disability inclusion, child care, family income, affordability, economic impact, state study, child care
Summary:
This committee meeting predominantly focused on the discussions surrounding several significant bills aimed at enhancing child care accessibility and addressing the issues related to deepfake technology. Representative Bojani introduced HB3133, which seeks to create a clear reporting process for deepfake material, ensuring social media platforms take accountability for harmful content. The bill aims to safeguard users from digital manipulations. Notably, the representatives engaged in a robust dialogue regarding the rising need for responsible management of deepfake content, establishing that Texas could take a leading role in this area.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Business and Commerce (Part I) Apr 8th, 2025
Senate Business & Commerce Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- almost a transparency bill.
It's pretty much down to a transparency bill, and yet
- Transparency...
Well, I've always been big on transparency in this
- Third, are state-supported financial incentives necessary
Keywords:
utility systems, Texas A&M, regents authority, construction, improvement, construction contracts, trust funds, property rights, mechanics lien, contractors, trustee liability, construction contracts, trust funds, mechanic's lien, liability, attorney's fees, windstorm insurance, Texas Windstorm Insurance Association, insurance regulation, administrative penalties
Summary:
In this committee meeting, a wide range of topics were addressed, notably the advancement of nuclear energy in Texas. The committee discussed Senate Bill 2967, aimed at exploring innovative energy technologies and the role of nuclear power in ensuring energy security. Several expert testimonies were heard, including insights from former PUC Commissioner Doug Robinson, who emphasized the potential of modular reactors and necessary state support to navigate the financial challenges commonly faced by nuclear energy projects. The committee's focus was on understanding current nuclear technology stages, determining required state incentives, and assessing the overall energy landscape in Texas.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- We'd like to see greater transparency and sustainability in the funding and data aspects.
- Texas, and the human and financial costs will only continue
- It's way not transparent; it's evolved that way over 30
- years and needs to be reformed to where we're more transparent.
- annualization of the financial exploitation units.
Bills:
SB1
Keywords:
appropriations, budget, state funding, education, healthcare, infrastructure, mental health funding, children's services, family preservation, food insecurity, community support, testimonies, legislative action
Summary:
The meeting focused on several critical issues, primarily surrounding funding for mental health services in Texas. Various stakeholders, including representatives from mental health organizations and community service providers, provided testimonies advocating for increased investments in mental health resources, particularly for children's mental health initiatives and support systems. One prominent discussion was around the need for family preservation funding to maintain support for families in crisis. The evidence presented highlighted an alarming rise in food insecurity, which underscored the necessity of legislative action to protect vulnerable populations.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Health and Human Services (Part I) Mar 26th, 2025
Senate Health & Human Services Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- SB1195 makes several important reforms to improve transparency and fairness in the central registry removal
This ensures that the process is transparent and fair
- data-time="3186"> Now I think it just speaks to how convoluted this process is and the lack of transparency
- insolvent or unable to meet financial obligations.
- They will seek court relief from unfair contractual obligations and manage a separate financial account
Bills:
SB397, SB481, SB596, SB760, SB855, SB1195, SB1196, SB1233, SB1257, SB1318, SB1368, SB1388, SB1398, SB1524, SB1558, SB1589, SB1677, SB1792, SB2034
Keywords:
data privacy, consumer rights, technology, business regulation, cybersecurity, emergency preparedness, nursing facilities, assisted living, resident safety, power outage, voting by mail, assisted living, nursing facilities, legal guardian, electoral process, foster care, medical consent, out-of-network, healthcare access, Medicaid
Summary:
The Senate Committee on Health and Human Services convened to discuss various pieces of legislation, addressing critical issues affecting healthcare and social services in Texas. Notable discussions included Senate Bill 481, which mandates backup power provisions for nursing homes and assisted living facilities to ensure the safety of vulnerable residents during outages, and Senate Bill 596, aimed at improving reporting requirements related to child welfare, enhancing the oversight of removals and placements. The committee also reviewed several other bills aimed at supporting healthcare access and enhancing protections for children under various circumstances.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th 1st C.S.
Senate Special Committee on Congressional Redistricting Jul 28th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- Authorized by a two-thirds vote, the chair is authorized to issue subpoenas to a number of financial
- She and I serve on the same committee together in Congress, that is Financial Services.
- There are a lot of financial concerns.
- This lack of transparency is disingenuous at best.
The lack of transparency surrounding the process
Keywords:
redistricting, congressional districts, DOJ letter, voter suppression, gerrymandering, public testimony, community representation
Summary:
The Senate special committee convened to address issues related to congressional redistricting, particularly focusing on the implications of a recent DOJ letter concerning majority-minority districts. Various senators expressed strong concerns about the motivations behind the proposed redistricting efforts, asserting that they may infringe on the rights of black and brown communities across Texas. Numerous members of the public provided passionate testimony, voicing their fears over potential voter suppression and gerrymandering, while others pushed for greater representation of underrepresented communities in the redistricting process. The committee aims to gather this public input as part of its overall redistricting considerations during the special session.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Higher Education Mar 4th, 2025 at 08:00 am
House Higher Education Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- These rising costs make state financial aid increasingly...
- I just have one question right now about the financial aid programs.
- There is a waiver process for students who are financially...
- One is in the field of financial aid.
- There is student programming we do for financial literacy.
Keywords:
HB8, community colleges, higher education, workforce development, dual credit programs, economic growth, student success
Summary:
The meeting focused primarily on the transformative impact of House Bill 8, which restructured community college funding to emphasize outcomes that align with workforce needs. Dr. Brenda Kays highlighted the importance of community colleges in building Texas's economy, discussing successful partnerships that have emerged from the new framework provided by the bill. Testimonies from various representatives underscored the effectiveness of dual credit initiatives and workforce training, pointing out that increased enrollment and program development directly address regional skill gaps in high-demand fields such as healthcare and technical trades. The discussions revealed a commitment to ensuring that community colleges adapt to changing economic landscapes by equipping students with the skills necessary for sustainable employment.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Health and Human Services Apr 2nd, 2025
Senate Health & Human Services Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- data-time="1098"> Despite the growing need for treatment centers, many facilities are struggling financially
- Current penalty structures do not account for a facility's financial viability, which can force treatment
- Consider financial viability, preventing unnecessary closures
- statutes require increased coordination with local authorities, officials, and agencies, improving transparency
- ...and transparency and promote market.
Keywords:
healthcare, training, abuse, neglect, penalties, chemical dependency, safety, regulation, newborn screening, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, heritable diseases, public health, early detection, mental health, telemedicine, physical examination, healthcare access, inpatient facility, pharmaceuticals, Texas Pharmaceutical Initiative
Summary:
The Senate Committee on Health and Human Services convened to discuss several significant bills, including SB968, SB966, and SB437. Senator Zaffirini presented SB968, which aims to modernize podiatry regulations in alignment with current practices, while SB966 involves the licensing and regulation of podiatry, addressing outdated provisions following a 2017 transition to the Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation. Both bills indicate a necessary clean-up of statutory language to better reflect contemporary standards in healthcare regulations. Additionally, Senator Hinojosa proposed SB437, which focuses on providing effective regulatory frameworks for chemical dependency treatment facilities, highlighting an urgent increase in demand due to rising substance abuse rates post-COVID-19.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Local Government (Part I) Mar 31st, 2025
Senate Local Government Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- and also believe that this is a situation that should be exempted from platting and the requisite financial
- Commission reviewed LNVA's operations and recommended several governance improvements to enhance transparency
- It provides a clear, transparent, and court-supervised process
- This shortfall could place a significant financial strain on Granbury, forcing the city to compensate
- be a well-run organization in solid financial position and
Bills:
SB1079, SB1243, SB1504, SB1579, SB1708, SB1844, SB1851, SB1879, SB1921, SB1951, SB2237, SB2238, SB2406, SB2407
Keywords:
public utility agency, dissolution, local government, regulatory framework, municipal authority, telecommunication, board meetings, Gulf Coast Authority, conference call, videoconference, abandoned property, tax delinquency, urban development, receivership, local governance, disannexation, municipality, services, property owners, jurisdiction
Summary:
The committee meeting on [date] focused on several key pieces of legislation, primarily addressing land use and city governance issues. Prominent discussions included SB1579, which seeks to empower municipalities in El Paso County to manage abandoned properties through a court-appointed receiver process. This bill aims to tackle long-standing challenges posed by undeveloped and neglected land parcels that hinder community growth. Public testimonies highlighted concerns regarding safety, illegal dumping, and the economic potential of reclaiming these properties for housing and development. Notably, Mayor Rudy Cruz Jr. of Socorro expressed strong support for the bill, emphasizing the need for a clear process in handling unoccupied land.
Additionally, SB1851 was discussed, aimed at addressing audit compliance for Texas cities to improve financial transparency and accountability. Senator Nichols presented this bill, arguing for its necessity in ensuring cities cannot raise taxes without adhering to established audit requirements. Public testimonies underscored the experiences of city officials facing obstacles due to outdated audit practices, with calls for legislative action to protect taxpayers while enforcing compliance. The meeting was characterized by substantial participation from public officials, showcasing a collaborative effort to address these pressing issues.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Health and Human Services Apr 30th, 2025
Senate Health & Human Services Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- Transparency is important.
- Incredibly transparent. This is not a small thing.
- The trauma learned, distrust of the medical system, and the financial ruin don't go away just because
- This will enhance transparency, streamline dispute tracking, and reduce administrative ambiguity.
- It creates an equitable, transparent, and efficient arbitration process for resolving out-of-network
Keywords:
Medicaid, lactation, healthcare, consultation, reimbursement, maternal health, infant care, child protection, adult protective services, advisory committee, Department of Family and Protective Services, investigations, advisory committee, child protective services, investigations, due process, standardization, child protection, adult protective services, investigations
Summary:
The meeting of the Senate Committee on Health and Human Services covered multiple bills focusing on healthcare, education, and child welfare. A key highlight was the presentation of Senate Bill 3001, which aims to add medical nutrition counseling as a Medicaid service for patients with chronic conditions. Chairman Korkhorst emphasized the importance of this bill in addressing healthcare needs in low-income communities. Public testimony was gathered, with several professionals supporting the inclusion of nutrition services to improve health outcomes for Texans, particularly those battling chronic diseases. Another notable discussion revolved around Senate Bill 425, designed to enhance the accuracy of investigations into child and adult protective services. Members raised concerns regarding the need for transparency and improved protocols in these sensitive areas.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Trade, Workforce & Economic Development Apr 2nd, 2025 at 08:00 am
House Trade, Workforce & Economic Development Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- This is about increasing transparency.
- I just wanted to add that people really are relying on the transparency measures that the legislature
- Texas Workforce Commission administers the State Unemployment Insurance Program, which provides financial
- The Texas Workforce Commission posted yesterday the financial status for the Employment Trust Fund through
- right to cancel, are critical for consumers, including older adults, as they help to safeguard their financial
Keywords:
science park district, economic development, technology innovation, higher education collaboration, infrastructure development, Texas Economic Development Office, workforce development, unemployment benefits, state average unemployment rate, benefit year, economic support, Texas Workforce Commission, property owners' association, free speech, assembly rights, government officials, political candidates, floodplain, landlord, tenant
Summary:
The meeting convened to discuss HB2214, a bill aimed at clarifying notification requirements regarding flood risks for tenants. Chairman Wallace articulated the bill's intent, discussing how it adjusts previous legislation to alleviate duplicative notifications for temporary leases or short-term rentals. The committee engaged in vibrant dialogue about the implications of this legislation, with representatives expressing support and raising questions about its implementation and effectiveness. Public testimony included insights from realtors and stakeholders, which highlighted the balance between tenant rights and landlord responsibilities in the wake of flood events.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
89th Legislative Session May 19th, 2025 at 10:05 am
Texas House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- It's basically a better transparency mechanism to make sure that if a defendant is in more than one court
- So for somebody, particular financial bail, I guess, for somebody that commits a.
- And secondly, they need to be transparent through the Office of Court Administration with their operations
- Members, Senate Bill 843 aims to improve transparency by requiring the Texas Education Agency to create
- Members, SB 1951 provides more transparency for taxpayers and accountability for appraisal districts
Bills:
SB664, SB40, SB9, SJR1, SJR5, SB27, SB207, SB2938, SB1901, SB1227, SB1248, SB912, SB1321, SB2143, SB2145, SB1497, SB1239, SB2180, SB1388, SB1762, SB1662, SB1951, SB1537, SB493, SB378, SB1020, SB1018, SB992, SB958, SB920, SB1350, SCR25, SB687, SB1332, SB2185, SB552, SB664, SB40, SB9, SJR1, SJR5, SB458, SB482, SB927, SB984, SB651, SB1620, SB2124, SB2448, SB841, SB843, SB402, SB2662, SB2053, SB2332, SB2112, SB745, SB1247, SB1789, SB27, SB207, SB2938, SB1901, SB1227, SB1248, SB912, SB1321, SB2143, SB2145, SB1497, SB1239, SB2180, SB1388, SB1762, SB1662, SB1951, SB1537, SB493, SB378, SB1020, SB1018, SB992, SB958, SB920, SB1350, HCR76, HCR127, HCR9, HCR40, HCR118, HR559, HCR59, HCR135, HCR141, HCR46, HCR109, HCR10, SCR25, HB2525, HB142, HB140, HB29, HB451, HB3809, HB3307, HB1130, HJR1, HB9, SB17, SB260, SB509, SB1506, SB1637, SB2308
Keywords:
bail bonds, public funds, political subdivision, injunctive relief, taxpayer rights, bail reform, defendants, pretrial detention, public safety, criminal justice, charitable bail organizations, bail denial, illegal aliens, felony offenses, constitutional amendment, law enforcement, bail, felony offenses, criminal justice reform, public safety
Summary:
The committee's meeting was marked by several key discussions surrounding numerous bills and resolutions. Notably, HCR 9 and HCR 40 were adopted, with representatives urging Congress for reimbursement related to border security under Operation Lone Star. Additionally, HCR 118 showed expressions of support for the warship manufacturing industry, reflecting a strong emphasis on local economic development. Senate Bills 1321, 2143, and 2145 passed various readings, which included provisions regarding law enforcement authority and the adaptability of public improvement districts to conduct meetings virtually. The meeting was well attended and featured numerous votes on significant legislative items, showcasing active participation from both members and the public.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Licensing & Administrative Procedures Apr 8th, 2025 at 10:30 am
House Licensing & Administrative Procedures Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- It will help reduce a lot of confusion and increase transparency for the public and for ourselves as
- Bill 3928 promotes transparency by requiring the department to include a link to the third-party website
- HB 3913 increases consumer clarity, choice, and transparency regarding real estate brokerage.
- Third, this bill increases transparency through written agreements.
- relationship will be more transparent.
Bills:
HB679, HB1764, HB1788, HB2186, HB2204, HB2418, HB2885, HB2983, HB2996, HB3250, HB3352, HB3756, HB3816, HB3913, HB3928, HB4077
Keywords:
environment, regulation, land use, public health, community development, alcohol, Sunday sales, local option election, Texas, business hours, alcohol sales, local option election, Sunday sales, liquor, off-premise consumption, Sunday sales, liquor, local option election, alcoholic beverages, off-premise consumption
Summary:
The meeting was marked by thorough discussions regarding several pivotal bills aimed at addressing safety and regulatory reforms within various sectors. Notably, House Bill 3352 was a focal point, where industry representatives highlighted the urgent need for enhanced driver safety training in work zones due to a rise in fatalities. Supporters argued that including work zone safety in driver education programs could significantly improve awareness and reduce accidents. Additionally, House Bill 2186 drew scrutiny from small business owners who expressed concerns about the regulatory burden it would impose on electricians and the potential impact on employment within the industry. Despite the commitment to improve safety, stakeholders warned of unintended consequences that could affect operational viability for non-signatory firms.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- So, this bill is designed to have transparency, and I think
SB 2539 is a concise bill that provides transparency
- This is a transparency measure that protects taxpayers from unknowingly bearing the burden of allocated
- Unshined and full transparency.
- That's a good taxpayer transparency tool that we need to use more, frankly.
Keywords:
monuments, memorials, public property, historical significance, civil penalties, local governance, project financing zone, municipal tax revenue, convention centers, multipurpose arenas, infrastructure development, hike and bike trails, outdoor recreation, environmental stewardship, Bicentennial Trail, Texas history, cultural heritage, unemployment benefits, eligibility, Texas Workforce Commission
Summary:
The meeting was marked by an extensive discussion of several bills aimed at enhancing Texas' economic landscape and infrastructure. Notably, SB2925 focused on modernizing the state's manufacturing sector by promoting automation and digital technology, which received strong support from industry representatives, emphasizing its potential job growth impact. Public testimonies reflected a consensus on the need for Texas to lead in innovation to remain competitive in the manufacturing arena. Furthermore, SB1520, which seeks to create the Texas Bicentennial Trail, also garnered significant support, particularly for its vision of connecting historical sites across Texas without resorting to private property condemnation. The committee faced a good turnout of stakeholders, which added depth to the discussions.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Agriculture & Livestock Mar 18th, 2025 at 02:00 pm
House Agriculture & Livestock Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- requirements, including mandatory reporting of THC levels and other contaminants, will promote product transparency
This will give us the financial support to do that
- The system also improves record accuracy and transparency. Digital records reduce the...
- to an online system that will bring efficiency, transparency
Keywords:
hemp, agriculture, research permit, cannabis regulation, criminal offense, administrative penalty, hemp regulation, Texas agriculture, hemp research permit, administrative penalties, cannabis standards, hemp regulation, agriculture, research permit, criminal offense, administrative penalty, hemp, agriculture, research, regulation
Summary:
The Committee on Agriculture and Livestock convened to address several pressing bills concerning agriculture, food systems, and hemp regulation in Texas. Notable discussions revolved around HB1113, which focuses on the production and regulation of hemp, ensuring alignment with federal regulations. Testimonies from various stakeholders, including representatives from the Texas Hemp Coalition, indicated broad support for the bill, citing its potential to enhance agricultural practices and promote research. Additionally, members expressed concerns regarding the implications of food insecurity, advocating for HB1203, aimed at establishing an Office of Food Systems Security and Resiliency to address access to nutritious foods across Texas.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Transparency is key to accountability, and restricting what is disclosed may reduce trust and make it
- Could it be possible that we're going to limit the transparency?
- It could limit transparency to an officer's file.
- It would limit transparency to an officer's file and access. So yes to that question.
- Okay, so I guess there's a concern for the ability to reach financial stability, and that's one area
Keywords:
dams, reservoirs, erosion control, flood control, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, permit exemption, environmental regulation, permit exemption, erosion control, floodwater management, sediment control, local government, flooding, public safety, outdoor warning sirens, disaster preparedness, emergency response, flood warning, outdoor sirens, disaster preparedness
Summary:
The meeting of the legislative committee prominently featured discussions surrounding several critical bills, including SB1, which addresses natural disasters and emergency preparedness in Texas. Senator Perry presented detailed amendments focusing on enhancing the state's response capabilities to flooding, which included the establishment of better training protocols for first responders and the development of a statewide flood monitoring system. Public testimony was actively solicited, with multiple witnesses providing input regarding the implications of SB1, highlighting the need for comprehensive disaster management strategies following recent floods that impacted the community severely. Additionally, considerable dialogue took place around SB6, relating to abortion-related civil liabilities, where senators debated the bill's implications on women's health and wellness in Texas, leading to contentious voting results and reflections on the bill's social impact.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Water, Agriculture, and Rural Affairs Mar 24th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- Projects that existing state and federal financial assistance programs will work to cover about 25% of
- Mazur mentioned, government transparency and accountability to assure Texans that the significant taxpayer
- Mazur indicated, is ensuring that taxpayer money is spent with rigorous safeguards that promote transparency
- It'll describe financial assistance aimed at preventing or mitigating boil water notices, water losses
- marker="451" data-time="2700"> our programs and try to achieve a semblance of parity with respect to financial
Keywords:
Senate Bill 7, water supply, infrastructure, Texas, public testimony, accountability, stakeholders, legislation
Summary:
This meeting of the Senate Committee on Water, Agriculture, and Rural Affairs focused on substantial discussions regarding Senate Bill 7, which is a key legislative initiative addressing Texas' long-term water supply crisis. Chairman Perry emphasized the collaborative efforts over the past years to engage various stakeholders in crafting the bill, promoting transparency and accountability in the management of water resources. The bill aims to enhance Texas' water infrastructure and secure funding through dedicated revenue streams for water supply projects, as the state faces challenges associated with dwindling water availability. Several public testimonies were heard, reflecting both support and concerns from various sectors affected by water policies in the state. The committee aimed to ensure that the legislation not only addresses immediate needs but also creates a sustainable framework for future generations.