Video & Transcript DataContr Research : 'power source'
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TX
Texas 2025 - 89th 1st C.S.
Press Conference: Special Session Jul 31st, 2025 at 10:07 am
Transcript Highlights:
- But most importantly of all, Is that when we give all the power
- When we place all the power in one man and claim that he has a monopoly on truth and that we no longer
- to block what is an illegal power grab.
- Is wanting to stay in power. This is a pure power play.
Keywords:
redistricting, gerrymandering, Texas Democrats, voter suppression, Hakeem Jeffries, equitable representation, minority communities, legislative session, political motivations
Summary:
The meeting highlighted significant concerns regarding the proposed redistricting in Texas, primarily driven by perceived political motivations from the Republican leadership. Speaker after speaker emphasized the urgency of stopping what they described as an attempt to gerrymander districts and suppress the votes of marginalized communities. Key figures such as House Democratic leader Hakeem Jeffries underscored that the current plans threaten not just democratic principles but directly impact the well-being of Texas constituents, particularly minority populations. The meeting stirred passionate debate about ensuring equitable representation and addressing systemic injustices within the electoral process. The persistence of local leaders and their collective stand against these actions was a focal point throughout discussions, showcasing a unified front against manipulation of electoral boundaries.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
S/C on County & Regional Government Apr 28th, 2025 at 10:04 am
House S/C on County & Regional Government
Transcript Highlights:
- > And so this would allow us, right now it is allowed, but the Board of Judges has to give up that power
- , and they don't give up any power.
- They don't want to give up any power.
- Again, it's a power that the Board of Judges have really outgrown.
Bills:
HB2814, HB4477, HB5084, HB5108, HB5127, HB5383, HB5611, HB5663, HB5664, SB1563, HB2668, HB3841, HB4114
Keywords:
juvenile justice, release documents, children, identification, Texas Juvenile Justice Department, civil service, staffing requirements, local government, positions exemption, Texas legislation, fireworks, Lunar New Year, retail permits, local government, public safety, Texas law, holiday sales, county purchasing, government authority, local government
Summary:
The meeting of the committee was productive, centered around discussions for three key bills: HB5127, HB4477, and HB5126. Representative Galo emphasized the necessity of HB4477 to enhance the accountability of county purchasing agents, arguing that the current system under the Board of Judges lacks the required oversight. The committee members engaged in a detailed dialogue regarding employment protections and the operational effectiveness within county offices. As the members took turns to articulate their perspectives, they highlighted the importance of maintaining fair employment practices within the Sheriff's Civil Service and the need for resource adequacy within related commissions. Public testimonies were welcomed, reflecting the various concerns surrounding the implications of these bills on local governance.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- HB5655 is similar to the legislative template used for the MUDs, but instead of granting MUD powers,
- span> specifically grants water control and improvement district powers
- House Bill 5689 amends current law relating to the powers and duties and values.
- House Bill 5690 amends current law relating to the powers and duties and validating certain acts and
Keywords:
beekeeping, pollination, agriculture, local economy, Combes, Bee Capital of Texas, water management, eminent domain, bond issuance, Fort Bend County, public infrastructure, special district, government validation, local authority, bonds, Cole Ranch Improvement District, Hunter Ranch Improvement District, bonds, property taxes, infrastructure funding
Summary:
The meeting held by the committee involved discussions on multiple house and concurrent resolutions including HCR83, HB5689, and HB5655. Senator Hinojosa presented HCR83, which recognizes Rusk County as the Syrup Capital of Texas, emphasizing the cultural significance of ribbon cane syrup production in the area. The resolution passed favorably with no public testimony against it, showcasing community support. Additionally, HB5689, which amends laws regarding the Coal Ranch Improvement District No. 1, was reported favorably to the full Senate alongside HB5655, aimed at improving drainage systems in Fort Bend County. Both bills progressed without opposition, suggesting a consensus among committee members.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th 1st C.S.
Congressional Redistricting, Select Aug 2nd, 2025 at 09:08 am
Transcript Highlights:
- obstacles; they called, emailed, and submitted written testimony to express their outrage over this racist power
- majority-minority congressional districts, in which voters have repeatedly demonstrated the ability and power
To take that ability and power away is straight-up intentional
- The moment you gain power, the moment you gain representation, is the moment you die.
Keywords:
redistricting, HB4, congressional representation, discrimination, minority districts, public testimony, Civic engagement
Summary:
The House Select Committee on Congressional Registration convened to discuss and vote on HB4, a congressional redistricting bill. During the meeting, Representative Turner expressed strong opposition, labeling the bill as discriminatory and racially motivated, claiming it intended to dismantle historically minority districts. Overall, there was a significant public outcry regarding the process, with many constituents unable to voice their concerns effectively. Despite the strong backlash, the bill was moved forward without amendments, reflecting broader tensions in the committee regarding representation and civic engagement.
Members voiced their concerns about the bill's implications on minority communities and how the redistricting process appeared opaque. Emotional testimonies highlighted the potential disenfranchisement of historically marginalized groups, with representatives stressing the importance of community representation in Congress. Although the bill was passed along party lines, it sparked a commitment among members to continue advocating for fairness and transparency in future legislative processes.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Business and Commerce (Part I) Apr 3rd, 2025
Senate Business & Commerce Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- the hospitals or to power a neighborhood or other essential services.
- and be able to provide power within three hours.
- a significant power outage, the committee substitute allows the TDU to lease.
- Big buying powers.
- What we're talking about is that small—40 stores is not small—but you have no negotiating power.
Bills:
SB231, SB584, SB600, SB668, SB841, SB986, SB1003, SB1244, SB1625, SB1960, SB1963, SB1964, SB2026, SB2056, SB2368
Keywords:
heirs' property, cotenants, partition action, right of first refusal, real property, public information, government transparency, bad faith requests, expedited response, attorney general authority, open records, renewable energy, distributed generation, compensation, ERCOT, electricity generation, renewable energy, distributed generation, compensation, ERCOT
Summary:
The meeting of the Senate Business and Commerce Committee primarily focused on legislative issues following Hurricane Beryl, particularly Senate Bill 231, which aims to create a process for CenterPoint to compensate its customers for overcharges related to backup power and mobile generation units. During discussions, Executive Vice President Jason Ryan outlined CenterPoint's commitment to refund approximately $430 million and absorb future costs related to these generators. The bill's substitute also mandates that leased emergency generators be mobile and capable of quick deployment during significant outages, addressing previous concerns over inefficiencies experienced during past weather events.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- The powers granted by these rules to a standing committee are except as limited by the powers granted
- It's about political power.
- I mean, we're also violating separation of powers again.
- ...maintain his power by disenfranchising Texans.
- Do not perpetuate this demand of a man who wants power
Keywords:
redistricting, Senate procedures, public input, Texas Legislature, amendments, redistricting, Texas Senate, congressional districts, public input, legislative procedures, redistricting, Senate procedures, congressional districts, public input, legislative transparency, redistricting, Senate rules, congressional districts, public hearings, committee procedures
Summary:
The meeting centered around the discussion of congressional redistricting, where the committee established the procedures to ensure a fair and transparent process. Led by Senator King, the session focused on adopting a resolution that authorized a special committee dedicated to congressional redistricting and allowed for regional hearings to gather public input via videoconferencing. Concerns were raised about ensuring adequate notice for public participation, especially from marginalized communities potentially affected by proposed changes. Disagreements emerged regarding the timeline for regional hearings and how to address the implications of the redistricting process on minority districts. Overall, participants acknowledged the complex nature of redistricting and the importance of engaging constituents in the legislative process.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Our main driver has been our lignite-fired coal power plant at Martin Creek, one of the largest producers
- marker="226" data-time="1350"> As we know, coal was, is, and continues to be under attack, and our power
- Power output has been reduced to 30 to 45 percent of available electricity today and is ever shrinking
- They've been given the power, and they're allowed to get into illegal business.
- If I might, the section you're referring to in the Transportation Code specifies the powers and duties
Keywords:
memorial highway, Captain Kevin Williams, Firefighter Austin Cheek, Smith County, transportation, memorial highway, transportation, Texas, veterans, commemoration, memorial designation, transportation, local honors, public awareness, community recognition, railroad, short line railroad, transportation, economic development, grant program
Summary:
The committee meeting focused on legislative discussions surrounding multiple Senate bills, with a significant emphasis on Senate Bill 2080, which aims to modernize outdated regulations affecting navigation districts and port authorities in Texas. Senator Alvarado led the discussion on this bill, highlighting its potential to streamline operations and enhance flexibility in Texas ports, aligning them with national best practices. Several members of the committee expressed support for this legislation, citing its economic implications for Texas, particularly in relation to job creation and infrastructure improvement. However, concerns were raised by representatives from the city of Corpus Christi regarding provisions within the bill that might expand the port's authority, potentially impacting local governance and tax revenue.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
S/C on County & Regional Government Mar 17th, 2025 at 10:00 am
House S/C on County & Regional Government
Transcript Highlights:
- police in a lot of these areas, and particularly in North Texas where they insist they have road powers
- 3150"> This creates the opportunity, I believe, for abuse in the future because it centralizes the power
- The MUDs are limited government entities, so they only have the power that the legislature gives them
- As I've often said in committee, if you violate a power that
- They don't have any taxing power.
Keywords:
law enforcement, sheriff, constable, contracts, county governance, videoconference, county park commissioners, government meetings, public access, legislation, unincorporated communities, grant program, public improvement, rural development, Texas counties, law enforcement, sheriffs, constables, contracts, property owners' associations
Summary:
In this meeting, discussions centered around public safety and law enforcement contracts in unincorporated areas of Harris County. Key bills, including HB336, were examined which aim to allow homeowners and municipal utility districts the right to contract for police services directly, ensuring that these communities have reliable law enforcement amid growing populations. Representatives voiced concerns regarding oversight, fiscal responsibility, and the need for adequate policing coverage, especially as the unincorporated areas continue to expand rapidly without corresponding funding for public safety. Witnesses testified both in support and opposition to the proposed legislation, highlighting the need for accountability and clarity in contracting.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- And look, it's an appropriate separation of powers.
- If they have road powers, we typically look at the county
- The road powers, that's a big deal, and that is something that truly impacts the county with this TCEQ
- Road powers for MUDs.
- But it's not up to us to decide whether or not they get road power.
Keywords:
TCEQ, MUDs, Municipal Utility Districts, legislative control, environmental regulation, infrastructure, community concerns, transparency, growth management
Summary:
The meeting focused on discussions regarding the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality's (TCEQ) oversight and regulations concerning Municipal Utility Districts (MUDs). Several members expressed concerns about the rapid growth facilitated by the creation of MUDs, with particular emphasis on the legislative authority over such entities. Senator Birdwell highlighted the importance of legislative control over MUD creation, discussing the second and third-order impacts on local communities and infrastructure. The discussion was characterized by a view that the current approval processes may lack necessary scrutiny, leading to community concerns about environmental impacts and infrastructure strain as new developments arise.
Public testimony revealed a sense of urgency among constituents regarding environmental regulations and the role TCEQ plays in managing the challenges of population growth. Members of the committee raised issues around the clarity of TCEQ's powers and responsibilities, advocating for more transparency and proactive community engagement from the agency. As the meeting concluded, the need for improved communication and the importance of ensuring compliance with state law were emphasized, with a promise from TCEQ representatives to address these concerns moving forward.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- There's some history behind why that was there, but it was obviously jarring from a separation of powers
- marker="16" data-time="90">So the legislature repealed that statute, giving the court that repeal power
- the committee substitute before you says that, to the extent the Supreme Court has exercised this power
- in the past and repealed statutes, that's okay, but no more going forward that power...
- Should be, no matter who's in favor or in power on any given
Bills:
SB38, SB287, SB291, SB292, SB508, SB618, SB901, SB1436, SB1494, SB1626, SB1719, SB1999, SB1333
Keywords:
evictions, property law, tenant rights, landlord responsibilities, justice court, court rules, eminent domain, property acquisition, landowner's rights, public use, condemnation procedure, election procedures, civil penalty, public officials, voter rights, election integrity, elections, local governance, political subdivisions, general elections
Summary:
The meeting addressed several key pieces of legislation, including SB1626, which proposes to enhance Texans' ability to pursue legal action against social media platforms for censorship. The bill aims to provide statutory damages, making it easier for individuals to protect their free speech rights. Testimonies were heard from various public representatives expressing support for the bill, emphasizing its importance in maintaining free speech in the digital age. Other bills discussed included SB1719 and SB1494, each receiving varying levels of scrutiny and support.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
89th Legislative Session Mar 4th, 2025 at 02:00 pm
Texas House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- In the spirit of unity and the power of a single deed, I take this opportunity to place this dollar bill
- In the spirit of unity and the power of a single deed, I take
HB 608 by Rosenthal, relating to the electric power
- grid purchased by the ERCOT power region.
- grids to grids outside the ERCOT power region.
Keywords:
legislation, constitutional amendments, taxation reforms, public testimony, mental health, Ketamine Treatment Grant Program, daylight savings time
Summary:
The committee meeting predominantly focused on a multitude of bills concerning various legislative amendments. Key discussions included the pros and cons of constitutional amendments, such as one by Schofield proposing year-round daylight savings time, and issues around taxation reforms highlighted by various members. The committee engaged in vibrant discussions, inviting public testimonies from both supporters and opponents of several bills, emphasizing the importance of community input in legislative processes. Notably, there were extensive debates on HB720, which pertains to the Ketamine Treatment Grant Program for veterans and first responders, underscoring the significance of mental health legislation. Members expressed their concerns about implementing the program effectively while ensuring adequate funding and oversight.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
And if you are, then maybe that job can be sourced out
- And if you are, then maybe that job can be sourced out to a cheaper place to live and a better work ethic
- I respect FQHCs' mission, but it has been a significant source of healthcare for undocumented immigrants
- marker="780" data-time="17520"> **Speaker**: I respect FQHC's mission, but it has been a significant source
- the transfer of foster care services and case management from the state to entities known as single source
Bills:
SB1
Keywords:
appropriations, budget, state funding, education, healthcare, infrastructure, child welfare, kinship care, community-based care, foster care, Senator Alvarado, Senator Hinojosa, legislative budget
Summary:
The meeting focused on various topics related to child welfare, particularly emphasizing the importance of kinship placements in the foster care system. Senators Alvarado and Hinojosa engaged in a detailed discussion regarding the benefits of kinship care, highlighting better outcomes for children and the financial implications for the state. They emphasized a need for continued investments in kinship care as a strategy to improve child welfare outcomes, encouraging the legislature to consider this approach moving forward. Additionally, the committee reviewed community-based care programs, which aim to keep children in their communities to promote stability and familial connections.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- To qualify for a grant, ten percent of the total project cost must be provided by a source other than
Keywords:
sidewalk user, pedestrian safety, traffic laws, bicycles, electric scooters, mobility devices, transportation, aviation, economic development, grants, loans, SB1598, SB1493, law enforcement, collision report, public safety, flashing stop lamps, CARFAX program, crime solving
Summary:
The committee meeting focused on two primary bills, SB1598 and SB1493. SB1598, introduced by Senator Hagen Booth, addresses the clarity of collision report information access for law enforcement, aiming to enhance the tools available to police agencies across Texas for solving crimes. The meeting featured strong support from police representatives, including Sheriff Brian Hawthorne of Chambers County, who emphasized the significance of the CARFAX program for police in facilitating access to vital vehicle information, free of charge. Public testimony reflected a consensus on the necessity of the bill for improved investigatory processes.
US
Us Congress 2025-2026 Regular Session
Hearings to examine certain pending nominations. May 1st, 2025 at 09:30 am
Senate Foreign Relations Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- people, yet is the sixth largest source of foreign direct
Keywords:
diplomatic nominations, foreign policy, ambassadors, U.S.-European relations, Bilateral relationships, security, trade
Summary:
The meeting focused primarily on diplomatic nominations, featuring discussions about the implications of these roles on U.S. foreign policy. Notable was the introduction of nominees for key ambassadorial positions, including ambassadors to the Dominican Republic, France, and the Netherlands. Senator Shaheen emphasized the importance of U.S.-European relations, particularly in light of current global challenges, while other members voiced their concerns regarding the nominees’ qualifications and the impact on bilateral relationships. Public support for these nominations was evident, as was the committee's commitment to fostering stronger connections with allied nations, particularly in addressing security and trade issues.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- The main driver has been our lignite-fired coal power plant at Martin Creek, one of the largest producers
- data-time="1350"> At its peak, as we know, coal was and is and continues to be under attack, and our power
- Power output has been reduced to 30 to 45 percent of available electricity today and is ever shrinking
- And that's, let's say, pretty much given them municipality powers.
- The section you're referring to in the Transportation Code specifies the powers and duties of a board
Keywords:
memorial highway, Captain Kevin Williams, Firefighter Austin Cheek, Smith County, transportation, memorial highway, transportation, Texas, veterans, commemoration, memorial designation, transportation, local honors, public awareness, community recognition, railroad, short line railroad, transportation, economic development, grant program
Summary:
The meeting of the committee focused on several bills aimed at enhancing the operational efficiency of Texas transportation and port authorities. Key discussions included the implications of SB2080, which seeks to streamline operations for navigation districts by raising procurement authority, exempting security discussions from recording requirements, and aligning Texas ports with national standards to foster economic growth. Senator Alvarado advocated fervently for the bill, emphasizing its positive impact on competitiveness with ports in states like Virginia and New Jersey. Public testimony reflected mixed responses, with strong support from industry representatives but opposition from some municipal authorities concerned about the potential overreach of port authorities into local development.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Local Government (Part III) May 22nd, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- The bill contains template language and requests a vision and row power.
- of Navigation District powers due to the project's location
- No special powers are included within the bill.
Keywords:
utility districts, Fannin County Improvement District, public testimony, Johnson County, development bills, community concerns
Summary:
The meeting of the committee focused on the review and recommendations for several bills concerning utility districts and development projects. Among the key bills discussed was HB5671, which updates the Johnson County Special Utility District's provisions to accommodate rapid county growth. Chairman's call for public testimony on various bills indicated broad community interest, though many bills advanced without opposition. Notably, HB5694, aiming to create the Fannin County Improvement District, illustrated strong legislative support, gaining a swift recommendation to pass without any public testimony against it. Additionally, HB5696 saw a proposed committee substitute that resulted from the feedback regarding its statewide implications, highlighting the committee's responsiveness to community concerns regarding localized impacts.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Business and Commerce May 23rd, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- data-time="234"> witness the signing of important legal documents such as wills, real estate deeds, and powers
- The powers are significant, including being a beneficiary of a trust and holding real estate, interests
- I believe in the power of physician-led teams.
- Firm power for the next generation of military installations.
- Just the power of your introduction, thank you.
Keywords:
public records, transparency, workforce policies, healthcare access, dental workforce, Texas legislation
Summary:
The meeting focused on various legislative proposals with notable discussions surrounding bills aimed at improving transparency in public information access, adapting workforce policies for state employment, and addressing public health workforce shortages in Texas. The key highlights included HB4214 which seeks to centralize public records request processes for better accessibility, and HB1803 aimed at enhancing the state's dental workforce through participation in a compact with other states. Several members presented arguments highlighting the necessity of these legislative initiatives in light of ongoing economic and social challenges facing Texas. Public testimonies supported these bills, demonstrating stakeholder engagement and community concerns regarding transparency, workforce efficiency, and health access.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
89th Legislative Session May 16th, 2025 at 10:05 am
Texas House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- We must all speak truth to power and do everything we can to love all of our brothers and sisters as
- Just more power. It's efficient power.
- It lowers and reduces power during the peak hours. It will reduce the stress on our grids.
- And we do that not just by creating more power; we do that by being smart about power.
SB 1359 by Parker concerns the creation, powers,
Bills:
HB2293, HB2694, HB2999, HB3694, HB3254, HB4662, HB5629, HB5632, HB5675, HB5664, HB5671, HB5680, HB5682, HB5693, HB4158, HB5695, HB4669, HB5696, HB5698, HB5677, HB5699, HB5694, HCR81, HCR83, HCR84, HCR89, HCR111, HCR142, HR868, SB682, SB1351, SB1895, SB1931, SB2141, SB3044, SCR1, SCR6, SCR37, SB458, SB482, SB927, SB984, SB651, SB1620, SB2124, SB2448, SB841, SB843, SB402, SB2662, SB2053, SB2332, SB2112, SB745, SB1247, SB1789, HB75, HB5354, HB4683, HB4847, HB1449, HB3833, HB265, HB1845, HB108, HB1960, HB1955, HB2512, HB2581, HB2803, HB1738, HB636, HB2638, HB2655, HB871, HB1107, HB1765, HB1822, HB3679, HB4099, HB3732, HB3171, HB3749, HB2814, HB3977, HB4204, HB4207, HB4449, HB1820, HB1876, HB1939, HB1347, HB2593, HB2136, HB2658, HB2757, HB2080, HB3063, HB3006, HB2844, HB3241, HB3680, HB3169, HB2078, HB2507, HB4559, HB3405, HB475, HB3463, HB3441, HB3520, HB3178, HB158, HB2060, HB4991, HB1991, HB5596, HB2014, HB2731, HB2417, HB2399, HB2301, HB3335, HB3234, HB3320, HB4848, HB4748, HB4769, HB4795, HB2086, HB2234, HB4916, HB5624, HB4505, HB5093, HB5302, HB5402, HB5606, HB4630, HB4924, HB3339, HB3793, HB3631, HB4882, HB5509, HB5499, HB5520, SB1177, SB1559, SB746, SB434, SB1383, SB1214, SB1079, SB3031, SB2141, SB2185, SB1895, SB1241, SB901, SB1883, SB552, HB1249, HJR218, HB5623, SB687, SB1332, SB458, SB482, SB927, SB984, SB651, SB1620, SB2124, SB2448, SB841, SB843, SB402, SB2662, SB2053, SB2332, SB2112, SB745, SB1247, SB1789, HCR76, HCR127, HCR9, HCR40, HCR118, HR559, HCR59, HCR135, HCR141, HCR46, HCR109, HCR10, SB3037
Keywords:
Sweeny Hospital District, board of directors, local governance, elections, healthcare administration, Brazoria Drainage District, commissioners, elections, vacancies, resignation, hydrogen vehicles, weight limitations, transportation, environmental impact, clean energy, deep fake, intimate depictions, consent, digital media, criminal penalties
Summary:
The committee meeting featured extensive discussions surrounding various bills concerning public safety, health services, and regulatory reforms. Noteworthy among these was the passage of HB3732, which allows the Texas Commission on Fire Protection to extend compliance deadlines, and HB3171, which supports firefighters' collective bargaining rights. Members expressed a drive towards improving firefighting standards and furthering the welfare of emergency services throughout the state. HB3339 was another highlight, aimed at addressing maternal mortality among black women in Texas, garnering support for its goal to enhance healthcare and safety for vulnerable populations.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Higher Education Apr 8th, 2025 at 10:30 am
House Higher Education Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- and equip existing central power plants on its property.
- It's worth noting that the current statute preventing the construction of electrical generation power
- span marker="1090" data-time="6534"> While the potential for groundbreaking advancements in nuclear power
- span marker="1126" data-time="6750">Long term, as you say, maybe there will be needs for electrical power
- Is it something, you know... if you had the power to make it go away, would you do it?
Keywords:
higher education, funding, financial allocation, state budget, Texas A&M University, University of Houston, education funding, medical education, osteopathic medicine, higher education, healthcare workforce, Tarleton State University, industry-recognized credentials, higher education, workforce development, career opportunities, feasibility study, student fees, university funding, student union
Summary:
The meeting of the committee addressed multiple bills aimed at improving educational structures and policies in Texas. Key discussions revolved around HB1233, presented by Representative Howard, focusing on integrating industry-recognized credentials into degree programs to better equip students for the workforce. Additionally, HB3148 sparked significant debate as it proposed limiting automatic admissions based on class rank, addressing concerns about equitable access to education across diverse populations. Furthermore, the committee discussed HB4361, aiming to enhance campus safety through standardized emergency procedures, highlighting the importance of clear communication in higher education settings.