Video & Transcript DataContr Research : 'development processes'
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TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Criminal Justice (Part I) Feb 12th, 2025
Senate Criminal Justice Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- That process would be repeated every 60 days until trial.
- We are happy to develop those interfaces.
- I get due process when I'm held. This is...
- Due process exists for everyone under the law.
- Remember, SJR 1 violates an individual's right to due process.
Keywords:
bail reform, defendants, pretrial detention, public safety, criminal justice, charitable bail organizations, bail reform, criminal procedure, public safety report, victim notification, family violence, bail bonds, public funds, political subdivision, injunction, taxpayer rights, bail reform, violent crimes, sexual offenses, community safety
Summary:
The committee meeting centered around discussions of Senate Bill 9, focusing on bail reform and the recent trends affecting public safety in Texas. Multiple witnesses provided testimony, both in support of and against the bill, highlighting the implications of current bail practices. Supporters argued that the bill would enhance public safety and reduce the release of violent offenders, while opponents raised concerns about due process and the potential negative impact on low-income individuals unable to pay bail. The chair acknowledged the heartfelt testimonies from victims' families, emphasizing the emotional weight of the legislative changes being considered. The meeting was marked by a passionate discourse about balancing public safety with individual rights in the judicial system.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- incredible delegation come over from Montgomery County to visit and be a part of the legislative process
- curriculum is organized into 10 colleges and schools that continue to serve as the cornerstone in developing
- Munger's automated ginning process in 1884 to the nation's first high-volume instrument cotton classifying
- ...certain we're developing relationships and partnerships
- based on interests, not based on the color of one's skin, but developing partnerships based on common
Bills:
SJR3, SB5, SJR36, SJR3, SB616, SB565, SB384, SB5, SB21, SB72, SB140, SB262, SB370, SB372, SB495, SB627, SB703, SB764, SB842, SB971, SB790, SB767, SB480, SB1066
Keywords:
dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, research funding, state budget, prevention, healthcare, medical research, Dementia Prevention and Research Institute, dementia, research institute, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, funding, grants, state health initiatives, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, research funding
Summary:
The committee meeting covered a range of topics, including memorial resolutions in honor of influential figures such as L. Clifford Davis and Reverend Dr. William Lawson. Senator West spoke warmly about Judge Davis, highlighting his contributions to civil rights, while others praised Reverend Lawson for his community service and leadership. These discussions underscored the committee's focus on recognizing individuals who have shaped Texas's history and values, fostering a deeper appreciation for the state's heritage.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- economic development.
- streamline this process for the city of Kenyon by allowing
- annexation, thereby promoting consistency, reducing administrative costs, and fostering local economic development
- providers, organizations, advocates, and the public on the sexual assault nurse examiner, or SANE, exam process
- unite or altering the uterine lining to prevent an embryo, the name for a baby at this stage of development
Keywords:
sexual assault, healthcare facilities, forensic examination, survivor support, emergency contraceptive, online impersonation, civil liability, social media, identity theft, defamation, counseling damages, injunctive relief, public health, safety regulations, community health, state standards, healthcare access, identification, real estate, proof of identity
Summary:
The committee meeting included significant discussions surrounding several bills, notably HB220, HB3336, and HB4904. HB220, which addresses access to emergency contraception for survivors of sexual assault, sparked intense debate among committee members and witnesses. Various stakeholders testified for and against the bill, emphasizing the importance of immediate access to such services while also raising ethical concerns regarding contraception. Public testimony was robust, showcasing strong opinions on both sides of the legislation, with many advocating for the rights and protections of survivors.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Water, Agriculture, and Rural Affairs May 12th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- It says if this is not working, meaning the treatment process, then we do recommend the filtration system
- This is usually done so that the municipality can provide water to a new development if the retail water
- As you know, this bill would establish a pollinator task force to protect pollinator health and to develop
- violator to spend up to 50% of the civil penalty the court assesses on infrastructure improvements to develop
Keywords:
water quality, filtration systems, public utilities, Senate Bill 2497, House Bill 2692, San Antonio River Authority, legislation, environmental health
Summary:
The committee meeting was marked by significant discussions around various bills, especially those related to water quality and public utilities. House Bill 2692 was presented to simplify and clarify the enabling legislation for the San Antonio River Authority, highlighting improvements necessary for effective governance and administration. Additionally, there were discussions on Senate Bill 2497, which mandates public water systems to install filtration systems to ensure safe drinking water in communities facing water quality issues. Witnesses emphasized the financial burden and the need for more flexibility in solutions to address water contamination without imposing heavy costs on small water systems. The conversation underscored the balance between public health and fiscal responsibility, with various solutions proposed to mitigate the risks of water contamination.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Health and Human Services (Part I) Apr 9th, 2025
Senate Health & Human Services Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- It dictates that we should have balance in the prior authorization process.
- It's a pretty simple prior authorization process.
- Prior authorization is that process to do that.
- And in that appeals process, if the doctor thinks that...
- We anticipate adverse reactions, and we don't want to stymie development.
Bills:
SB227, SB269, SB407, SB463, SB527, SB547, SB1283, SB1380, SB1383, SB1511, SB1640, SB1784, SB2069
Keywords:
school funding, education reform, state budget, property taxes, equity in education, healthcare policy, vaccines, exemptions, religious beliefs, public health, workplace violence, healthcare facilities, definition expansion, safety regulations, health and safety code, health insurance, anesthesia, pediatric dental services, coverage, medical necessity
Summary:
The meeting of the Health and Human Services Committee covered a variety of bills focused on improving health care access, patient protections, and enhancing oversight of health-related services. Key discussions were held around SB1640, which aims to broaden the scope of criminal history checks for Medicaid providers to enhance accountability and prevent fraud. Senator Hagenbooth explained the committee substitute, emphasizing the necessity of strengthening vetting processes within Medicaid programs. Additionally, SB1784 was introduced, which seeks to protect patients from unexpected medical debt collection practices by mandating advance written notices before debt collection actions are initiated. Discussion around this bill reflected a collective concern for transparency in medical billing and the financial wellbeing of patients.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Basically, that's not appropriate for the opinion process because it's highly factual.
- It doesn't restrict access to care; it protects individuals in the recovery process.
- Not everything worked, and we had to go through this process of trial and error.
- So it's really a regulatory process to issue.
We support this process.
Bills:
HB35, HB4490, HB4454, HB2188, HB3794, HB3078, HB4743, HB2556, HB46, HB5342, HB4783, HB3785, HB1639, HB2581, HB4224, HB4070, HB4099, HB4882, HB5278
Keywords:
peer support, first responders, mental health, confidentiality, emergency services, disclosure, next of kin, public information, deceased persons, privacy rights, patient solicitation, marketing practices, healthcare regulation, task force, deceptive advertising, nurse aide, certification, Texas Board of Nursing, healthcare workforce, nursing standards
Summary:
The meeting convened to discuss various health-related bills, with significant emphasis placed on addressing substance abuse and the associated healthcare challenges in Texas. Notable discussions revolved around HB5342, which aims to sustain 988 operations to aid individuals in crisis, while HB4454 focuses on updating laws to combat unethical patient brokering within substance use treatment programs. Various witnesses, including healthcare professionals, provided testimony supporting these initiatives, highlighting the impact of substance abuse on public health and the necessity for legislative backing in these areas. The committee heard from several members who articulated the urgency of implementing effective measures to address substance abuse, especially with the rising concerns around opioid-related deaths and treatment accessibility in underserved areas.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
S/C on Defense & Veterans' Affairs Mar 3rd, 2025 at 11:03 am
House S/C on Defense & Veterans' Affairs
Transcript Highlights:
- Who would ever think that they started the process of homeopathic
- They develop the claim for that veteran and put the package together, but they can't submit it for the
- Process the claims for them.
- If the mail room's not allowing the checks to come through to get processed, that's important for any
- ...Capitol so that they can see the legislative process
Keywords:
Defense and Veterans Affairs, veteran services, legislation, recruitment, retention, community support, entrepreneur programs, home loans
Summary:
The meeting of the Defense and Veterans Affairs Committee served as the inaugural session for the legislative year, focusing on various significant veteran issues and programs. Chairman Cortez led discussions around the upcoming legislative workload, with an estimated 75 bills anticipated for review. Members acknowledged the importance of addressing recruitment and retention challenges within the defense forces, with insights on necessary facility upgrades and the impacts on local communities. Collaborative efforts, such as home loan programs and the Veteran Entrepreneur Program, were highlighted to demonstrate the support provided to veterans in transitioning to civilian life. The committee emphasized the vital role of outreach initiatives to ensure veterans are aware of available services.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Pensions, Investments & Financial Services May 12th, 2025 at 08:05 am
House Pensions, Investments & Financial Services Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- Just something that needs to be more thoughtful in that process as well.
- 292" data-time="1746">El Paso County recently completed a multi-year public-facing capital planning process
- ...meetings, extensive financial modeling, and that process
- Both were developed together and reviewed publicly with the community.
It was a long process.
Keywords:
money transmission, public finance, certificates of obligation, tax anticipation notes, consumer protection, First Amendment, voter will
Summary:
The meeting focused on the discussion of two significant pieces of legislation: SB512 and SB1024. SB512 aims to protect users of money transmission services by preventing penalties imposed by service providers for violating terms of service. Representative Hayes explained that this bill responds to troubling practices observed among money service businesses. Public testimonies were presented both in support and opposition to the bill, highlighting concerns over First Amendment rights and the implications for consumer protection. The committee ultimately left the bill pending for further consideration.
In contrast, SB1024 addresses public finance issues, specifically the misuse of voter-rejected projects through certificates of obligation and tax anticipation notes. Senator Betancourt described instances where municipalities have circumvented voter will by issuing debt for projects previously rejected in elections. The committee heard extensive public testimony critiquing the proposed restrictions in the bill, with arguments centered around the potential unintended consequences for local governments and necessary infrastructure projects. Both bills generated lively discussions among committee members, leading to wider considerations of public finance ethics and the relationship between voters and local governments.
US
Us Congress 2025-2026 Regular Session
Business meeting to consider an original bill entitled, "GENIUS Act of 2025", and S.875, to curtail the political weaponization of Federal banking agencies by eliminating reputational risk as a component of the supervision of depository institutions. Mar 13th, 2025 at 09:00 am
Senate Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- 1440">There may be a bit of a lapse in time before we finish the vote, so that's just part of the process
- This has been a very, very important process and the success that we've had comes from a bipartisan coalition
- It's the product of years of policy development and negotiations that were started in 2020.
- And it continues through this process today.
- marker="193" data-time="2304"> transparent and regulated process
Bills:
SB875
Keywords:
banking regulation, federal agencies, reputational risk, financial services, supervision, Genius Act, FIRM Act, stablecoins, bipartisan, financial regulation, national security, consumer protection, innovation
Summary:
This meeting focused on the markup of the Genius Act and the FIRM Act, two significant pieces of legislation addressing stablecoin regulation and the financial industry's regulatory framework. The Chairman noted the importance of providing clarity to the digital asset community and protecting American consumers, while also promoting innovation and competition within the financial sector. Members of both parties expressed varying viewpoints, with some highlighting concerns related to national security and the potential risks associated with stablecoins.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Appropriations - S/C on Article II Feb 26th, 2025 at 08:00 am
House Appropriations - S/C on Article II
Transcript Highlights:
- we've learned a lot of things that could benefit our state better and improve the implementation process
- And finally, we'd love to see some direction to HHSC and TMHP to improve the Medicaid credentialing process
- ="283" data-time="1692">Funding for the Maternal Mortality Review System will expedite the review process
- It goes through the same rigorous process that all blood products do, and in fact, the blood that is
- It's because the decision-making and impulse-control parts of their brains aren't fully developed.
Keywords:
House Appropriations, budget, public testimony, tobacco control, vaping, youth programs, funding, addiction prevention
Summary:
The meeting of the House Appropriations Subcommittee on Article 2 featured public testimony focused on the budget and specific funding needs within various state agencies. A significant amount of discussion centered around tobacco control efforts, where multiple witnesses emphasized the need for increased funding to combat tobacco and vaping among youth. Zoe Pippin, a high school student, shared personal experiences of how vaping has impacted her peers, advocating for more educational and prevention resources to address the addiction issues in her small community. This sentiment resonated with many committee members, prompting them to consider expanding support for tobacco prevention programs.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- And they are purposely letting them go around the screening process.
- Compounding this problem, which is a punitive action with no due process for those who are innocent,
The reentry process is an opportunity to provide
- House Bill 3636 addresses inefficiencies and gaps in the restitution process by creating a clear and
- However, this process has raised concerns about claimed restitution sitting unused and the lack of a
Bills:
HB153, HB1828, HB2306, HB2498, HB3464, HB3488, HB3636, HB3673, HB3834, HB3860, HB4120, HB4937, HB1515
Keywords:
education, funding, student resources, technology access, equal opportunity, veterans treatment court, mental health, criminal justice, rehabilitation, eligibility criteria, veterans, treatment court, military service, mental health, rehabilitation, veterans, treatment court, mental health, rehabilitation, legislation
Summary:
The Committee on Corrections convened to discuss various proposed bills aimed at enhancing the criminal justice system in Texas. Noteworthy among them was HB1760, presented by Chairman Leach, which seeks to increase the minimum imprisonment term for individuals convicted of intoxicated manslaughter. The committee voted favorably on several bills, including HB1772, which addresses the eligibility for community supervision. Public testimony highlighted community concerns around parole decisions, especially regarding violent offenders, which added emotional weight to discussions on HB2306 concerning children’s parole eligibility. Several members expressed strong sentiments advocating for stricter regulations for repeat offenders, underlining the impact of violent crime on victims' families. The meeting wrapped up with additional bills pending further discussions.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- School testing confirmed my dyslexia, autism, as well as processing disorders.
- As part of your reallocation process, I'm assuming you would go pull a property tax record.
- that they can go through, and they can actually go through a formal appeal process as well.
- I personally see that in the process.
- We see people migrating from the ultra-processed.
Keywords:
special education, funding, individualized education program, visual impairments, accessibility, support services, state education code, special education, funding, emergency preparedness, SB568, SB57, student safety, service intensity model, early intervention, public testimony
Summary:
The committee meeting centered around special education funding and safety provisions for children with disabilities. Key discussions were led by Senator Bettencourt regarding the transformative potential of SB568, which proposes a transition to an eight-tier service intensity funding model. This model is designed to better accommodate the needs of special education students, ensuring they receive the necessary services tailored to their unique requirements. The bill received strong support from stakeholders and included testimony from educators and advocates highlighting the importance of early intervention and the need for ongoing funding support.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Bill 2883, with the exception of a few House floor amendments to make minor clarifications in the process
- The committee substitute will address the jurisdiction process and language and revert it back to the
- ...that was developed by a psychologist who was openly in
- /span> Practitioners, and this would be part of an education process
- A process in which one parent deliberately undermines the
Keywords:
business court, civil procedure, litigation, jurisdiction, arbitration, divorce, property division, family law, court jurisdiction, marital assets, parent-child relationship, birth certificate, identity proof, Family Code, court process, family law, attorney fees, court costs, legal expenses, dispute resolution
Summary:
The Committee on State Affairs meeting was predominantly focused on several pivotal bills, including HB3783, HB4213, and HB1916. Notably, the chair initiated discussions on HB3783, which aims to regulate court-ordered counseling practices, particularly targeting what is known as 'reunification therapy.' The bill generated significant attention due to allegations surrounding its misuse, with multiple witnesses providing testimonies both for and against the measure. Concerns were raised about the practices involved, particularly regarding forced separations from custodial parents which many argue could lead to further trauma for children involved in high-conflict situations. The meeting also saw robust discussions regarding HB4213, aimed at revising child support interest rates and improving compliance levels for non-custodial parents, highlighting the financial burdens these families face. Each bill was left pending for further consideration at future meetings, reflecting the complex nature of the topics discussed and the need for deeper examination of possible implications.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Delivery of Government Efficiency Apr 9th, 2025 at 10:30 am
House Delivery of Government Efficiency Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- We currently have three attorneys assigned to the open records process for the...
- Because I think that transparency in this process is critical as well.
And do those other processes...
- procurement process.
- If not, we have to go through the Public Information Act process.
Bills:
HB111, HB1545, HB2145, HB2467, HB2520, HB4136, HB4181, HB4214, HB4218, HB4219, HB4359, HB4437, HB4822
Keywords:
sunset review, government efficiency, state agencies, regulation, administrative oversight, Texas Sunset Act, electric vehicles, charging stations, state-owned facilities, infrastructure, renewable energy, peace officers, state fire marshal, compensation, law enforcement, benefits, open meetings, transparency, government accountability, public participation
Summary:
The meeting focused on a series of bills, notably HB2467, which aims to address pay disparities for peace officers in the state fire marshal's office. Representative Van Deaver highlighted the critical services provided by these officers, who perform essential law enforcement duties yet face compensation below their counterparts. Witnesses, including those from law enforcement, testified in favor of the bill, emphasizing the need for equitable pay. The committee showed support for the bill, agreeing to leave it pending for further evaluation.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- However, this process can be slow.
- And how long will that testing process last?
- We did go through a process to find an outsource laboratory.
- He had developed a delusion.
- We have a vetting process; we look at all the lab testing.
Keywords:
hemp regulation, consumable products, cannabinoids, state health, youth protection, licensing fees, criminal offenses, HB28, hemp regulation, THC products, 2018 Farm Bill, consumer safety, public testimony, synthetic THC
Summary:
The meeting primarily focused on discussions surrounding HB28, which aims to regulate the hemp market in Texas following the 2018 Farm Bill. The committee heard testimonies from stakeholders including industry advocates and law enforcement representatives. Notably, there were opposing views on the efficacy and safety of the proposed regulations, particularly concerning the potential impact on children and the risks associated with unregulated THC products. Many witnesses emphasized the need for a balanced approach to ensure consumer safety while allowing responsible adult access to THC products.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- would be opposed to combating fraud to the extent it's existing at any level, and certainly in this process
- House Bill 3317 restores balance, transparency, and fairness to the contracting process.
- I've been through this process before and hopefully can get through this time.
- I mean, that is what that process is designed for.
- And then you're trying to speed up the process of accessing that amount?
Keywords:
emergency care, health benefits, insurance, medical necessity, utilization review, Medicare, supplement plans, young individuals, end stage renal disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, pharmacy, health benefit plans, pharmacy benefit managers, contract transparency, pharmacist rights, environmental protection, carbon emissions, green energy, sustainability, renewable resources
Summary:
The meeting was characterized by detailed discussions surrounding several key bills, including HB1464, HB4012, and SB916. Representative Tallarico provided an overview of HB1464, which establishes a state drug purchasing pool aimed at reducing prescription costs for Texas consumers. Multiple stakeholders offered testimony, emphasizing the potential savings and expressing support for the bill. On the other hand, the discussion around HB4012 elicited differing opinions, particularly related to its implications for fraud enforcement in private insurance, with opponents warning against government overreach in private business dealings. Senator Spillers presented SB916, focusing on consumer protections against surprise billing from emergency medical services, indicating collaborative efforts with various health plans to strengthen patient protections without imposing financial burdens on them.
Throughout the meeting, representatives and witnesses engaged in constructive dialogue about healthcare costs, insurance reforms, and consumer protection measures. The committee concluded with several bills left pending for future consideration, indicating ongoing concerns and a commitment to further deliberation on these important legislative matters.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- we talked this morning, the true intent of a hearing is to inform the committee's decision-making process
- ...to have and having to develop and, you know, look at that
Keywords:
homeland security, border security, critical infrastructure, Department of Public Safety, intelligence operations, public-private partnerships, border security, transnational crime, firearms legislation, Senate Bill 36, Senate Bill 2202, public testimony, Senator Birdwell, criminal activity, weapon smuggling
Summary:
The Senate Committee on Border Security convened to discuss critical issues surrounding border security and violent crime, particularly in relation to SB36 and SB2202. Senator Birdwell opened the discussion emphasizing the rising dangers at the southern border, citing a significant increase in transnational criminal activity, including drugs and weapon smuggling. The committee heard contrasting views on SB2202, which aims to penalize the illegal transfer of firearms to foreign terrorist organizations. Witness testimonies highlighted the challenges law enforcement faces in proving knowledge of such transfers, with several members expressing concerns over the practical application of the legislation. Senator Hinojosa of Nueces moved for the adoption of committee substitutes for SB36, which passed favorably without opposition, moving forward with recommendations to the full Senate.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Press Conference: Senators Royce West and Borris Miles Apr 2nd, 2025 at 06:00 am
Transcript Highlights:
- We know that Texas kind of leads the nation in policy development.
- Senate, the state of Texas, had an opportunity today to put together a policy statement and begin the process
Keywords:
Senate Bill 688, Senate Bill 9, equity, meritocracy, social progress, policy reform, public testimony
Summary:
During this meeting of the committee, significant discussions centered around Senate Bill 688 and Senate Bill 9, with members expressing deep concerns over the implications of the proposed legislation. Chair Carol Alvarado initiated the meeting by addressing the audience and highlighting the need for robust dialogue regarding the bills in question. Senator Royce West actively contributed to the discussions, emphasizing the necessity to reform existing policies that some believe would regress social progress in the state. The debate revealed a passionate division among committee members, as they navigated the complexities of equity and meritocracy in legislation.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Criminal Justice (Part II) Apr 8th, 2025
Senate Criminal Justice Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- denies defendants fair access to evidence and reduces transparency and accountability in the discovery process
- meant to restore the Michael Morton Act, which brought long overdue accountability to the discovery process
- So we had to develop training for officers over this.
- Additionally, it instructs DPS to develop additional training containing materials in collaboration with
- marker="859" data-time="5148"> Finally, we welcome any additional training materials that will be developed
Bills:
SB552, SB1099, SB1124, SB1208, SB1372, SB1506, SB1667, SB1804, SB1806, SB1870, SB1936, SB1937, SB2180, SB2405, SB2569, SB2570, SB1646
Keywords:
community supervision, criminal justice, illegal alien, deferred adjudication, Texas Code of Criminal Procedure, criminal procedure, discovery, defendant rights, evidence disclosure, justice system, crime laboratory, access, defense counsel, criminal proceedings, discovery, parole reform, inmate release, Board of Pardons and Paroles, recidivism, criminal justice
Summary:
The meeting of the committee was marked by critical discussions surrounding several bills focused on enhancing public safety and addressing criminal activities. Notably, Senate Bill 1208 sparked significant debate as several members expressed concerns regarding its implications for free speech and civil rights. Testimonies from various public participants highlighted fears that the increased penalties could infringe on First Amendment rights by deterring individuals from holding law enforcement accountable. The committee also tackled Senate Bill 1646, aiming to combat copper theft, which has surged significantly across Texas, affecting essential infrastructure and emergency services.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
89th Legislative Session Jun 2nd, 2025 at 11:06 am
Texas House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- Council grew to represent over 300 pastors from all backgrounds, becoming a model for grassroots development
- That means that we went through a rigorous process and overwhelmingly identified an individual who was
- my chief, my legislative director, and my interns turn to you all to help guide them through the process
- ="1138" data-time="6822"> Committee work, our district work, moving bills through the legislative process
- ...and understanding of the legislative process make him
Keywords:
SB293, pay raises, Texas judiciary, 89th legislative session, public education reform, bipartisan cooperation
Summary:
In this meeting, the committee primarily focused on the conference committee report for SB293. Representative Leach highlighted the collaborative efforts of both the House and Senate conferees in crafting a historic legislative package that aims to provide significant pay raises for Texas judges, a move deemed essential for maintaining a strong judiciary in the state. The discussion underscored the importance of bipartisan cooperation in achieving meaningful legislative outcomes. Additionally, there was a recognition of the hard work put in throughout the 89th session, with various members expressing pride in their achievements, particularly in public education reform.