Video & Transcript DataContr Research : 'child abuse'
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TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Pensions, Investments & Financial Services May 19th, 2025 at 08:05 am
House Pensions, Investments & Financial Services Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- There were reported abuses that indicated something happened
- If there are no obvious abuses, why would we legislate this?
- marker="307" data-time="1836"> ...at least anecdotal, if not more scientific evidence that this is an abuse
Keywords:
school funding, bonds, education, finance, Texas Education Code, public banks, bond proceeds, voter transparency, Texas legislation, Senate Bill 621, Senate Bill 414
Summary:
The committee meeting focused on several key bills impacting public funds, particularly regarding the use of unspent bond proceeds and mandated transparency during bond elections. Notably, Senate Bill 621 was discussed, which seeks to prohibit political subdivisions from establishing public banks, emphasizing core governmental functions and preventing taxpayer exposure to financial risks. Testimonies from various stakeholders highlighted concerns about the appropriateness of using public funds for non-essential projects, which led to vigorous debate amongst committee members. Additionally, Senate Bill 414 was addressed, which requires clear disclosures about estimated interest costs in bond proposals, aiming to enhance voter awareness and accountability.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th 1st C.S.
Congressional Redistricting, Select Jul 24th, 2025 at 02:07 pm
Transcript Highlights:
- ">It's actually wicked to invite someone here so that he can use them for numbers and mistreat and abuse
- They both do not want working people to see that the oligarchs and the elites abuse regular people for
- Programs like Medicaid, which my child depends on for health care, and SNAP programs for hungry families
- The week I was at a funeral for a child that lost their life.
- We were two Texans that felt the pressure and pain of a family that lost a child.
Keywords:
redistricting, C-2193, public testimony, flood relief, congressional districts, racial implications, representation, Texas legislature
Summary:
The meeting of the House Select Committee on Congressional Redistricting primarily focused on public testimony regarding the proposed revisions to the congressional redistricting plan known as C-2193. Various members of the public expressed their concerns about potential racial implications of the redistricting process, particularly the impact on black and brown communities. Testimonies highlighted the urgency for the legislature to prioritize flood relief and infrastructure instead of redistricting mid-decade, arguing that it undermines representative fairness and could disenfranchise many voters. The session saw active engagement from constituents who emphasized the importance of public input and transparency in a potentially transformative legislative process. The chair outlined a two-phase hearing plan to gather comprehensive public feedback before moving forward with legislative drafts.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- There does seem to be some opportunity for abuse.
- Not to say that all are abuses, but I don't want to use the word abuse because.
We've seen some abuses.
- However, there have been cases where it has been widely abused.
- Harris County is perhaps the most high-profile example of this type of abuse.
Bills:
HB19, HB30, HB851, HB1663, HB1681, HB1769, HB1937, HB1979, HB2428, HB2433, HB2825, HB3159, HB3424, HB3486, HB3487, HB3504, HB3605, HB3879, HB3994, HB4382, HB4752, HB5444, HB5446, HB5447, HB3199, HB4847
Keywords:
disaster relief, tax rates, local government, voter-approval tax rate, emergency services, homesteads, tax benefits, appraisal district, property taxes, reporting requirements, diesel fuel, tax credit, auxiliary power units, power take-off equipment, vehicle emissions, tax refund, sales tax, marketplace provider, payment processing, electronic transactions
Summary:
The committee meeting focused heavily on evaluating a series of bills aimed at improving fiscal responsibility and transparency in local government borrowing. A significant discussion centered around HB19, which proposes reforms to debt issuance by local governments. Members expressed concerns that some provisions could hinder local government operations. Some stakeholders acknowledged positive aspects of the proposed reforms but highlighted potential impacts on public safety and ongoing projects due to stricter debt limits. Throughout the meeting, various representatives voiced differing opinions, contributing to a robust dialogue on improving taxpayer protections while ensuring local governments can meet community needs.
US
Us Congress 2025-2026 Regular Session
An oversight hearing to examine Meta's foreign relations and representations to the United States Congress. Apr 9th, 2025 at 01:30 pm
Senate Criminal Justice and Counterterrorism Subcommittee
Transcript Highlights:
- /span> Whistleblowers are key to rooting out fraud, waste, and abuse
- This can be easily abused to silence her for telling the truth. Thank you for bravely being here.
Keywords:
Meta, Facebook, whistleblower, regulation, China, user data, artificial intelligence, testimony, Congress
Summary:
The meeting of the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Crime and Counterterrorism focused on oversight of Meta's foreign relations and representations to Congress. An essential witness, Sarah Wynne-Williams, a former executive at Facebook, provided testimony outlining significant concerns about the company's practices and its complicity in aiding oppressive regimes. The atmosphere was charged, with ongoing debates about the regulation of big tech companies and the ethical implications of their policies. The committee explored topics such as user data management, whistleblower retaliation, and the need for legislative measures to protect users and enhance accountability in the tech sector. A notable point of contention was Facebook's alleged cooperation with the Chinese government regarding the dissemination of user data and AI tools, leading to serious ethical implications.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Natural Resources Apr 9th, 2025 at 10:30 am
House Natural Resources Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- data-time="4248"> Without a regulated cap on these fees, consumers are not protected from potentially abusive
- > A 12-year-old boy that I met at our emergency shelter lost his parents, both veterans, and every child
- Child services that are operated by state agencies.
- quarries are not located within this kind of proximity, within two miles of a sensitive resource or a child
- ...of a state park on top, a lake at the bottom, and child
Bills:
HB1520, HB1525, HB1530, HB1535, HB2068, HB2091, HB2347, HB2372, HB2805, HB2815, HB2867, HB3154, HB3482, HB3483, HB3663, HB3781, HB3901, HB3915, HB4135, HB4153, HB4158, HB4329, HB4331
Keywords:
Lower Neches Valley Authority, board removal, training requirements, public testimony, complaints resolution, Sabine River Authority, board of directors, complaints, Texas Sunset Act, government oversight, ethics training, flood control, Harris County, governance, eminent domain, bonds, environmental improvements, water assistance, financial grants, Texas Water Development Board
Summary:
The Committee on Natural Resources convened to discuss two key pieces of legislation, HB2867 and HB2876, focusing on late fees associated with water and sewer services in Texas. Representative Gates laid out HB2867, highlighting the financial implications of payment deadlines and fees that disproportionately affect low-income households. He emphasized the need for limits on late payment fees to protect these vulnerable consumers from potentially abusive practices. A committee substitute was proposed to clarify some ambiguous language within the bill, aiming to promote fairness and transparency for customers. This led to a robust discussion among members and stakeholders present at the meeting, including testimony from representatives of municipal utilities who raised concerns about local control over fee structures.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- .someone that lives hundreds of miles away that may never have the opportunity to attend or have a child
- I can't cite an instance where Faculty Senates have abused or asserted unchecked authority to a point
- We need to ensure that administrators do not abuse their powers to terminate faculty.
Keywords:
higher education, curriculum review, governing board, faculty council, ombudsman, higher education, faculty governance, decision-making, transparency, public meetings, higher education, governing board, department head, employment approval, public institutions, higher education, governing board, department head, employment approval, institutional oversight
Summary:
The meeting convened with significant discussions centered around higher education legislation in Texas, particularly focusing on research security and curriculum governance. Senator Brian Hughes introduced SB1273, which aims to establish a Higher Education Research Security Council to bolster security practices against potential espionage while promoting collaboration among Texas Tier 1 research institutions. Witness testimony included insights from Dr. Kevin Gamache of Texas A&M University, who underscored the importance of safeguarding academic resources to maintain Texas’s leadership in research. The committee unanimously adopted a substitute for the bill which elevated its scope to include private institutions as well, reflecting a broader approach to research security.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Our rural hospitals, and a lot of our hospitals, are dealing with many abuses.
- And wasteful care, not fraud and abuse.
- We have protections in place that if a child has a longstanding relationship with a particular provider
Keywords:
advanced practice registered nurse, health maintenance organization, preferred provider, insurance, healthcare access, healthcare, insurance, provider ranking, cost-sharing, fiduciary duty, patient choice, insurance, annuities, health coverage, trade practices, rebates, inducements, health promotion, wellness programs, insurance
Summary:
The committee meeting revolved around key discussions on several proposed bills, particularly focusing on HB3211, which aims to improve patient access to optometrists. Multiple stakeholders participated, expressing their views and concerns regarding the impact of the bill on vision care networks. The discussions highlighted the need for a clearer application process for optometrists to be included in vision plan networks, reflecting a powerful sentiment from both healthcare professionals and patients about access to care. The meeting also encapsulated varying perspectives on the legal aspects surrounding HB2275, addressing arbitration provisions for surplus policies, illustrating the committee's diligence in scrutinizing regulatory frameworks for consumers.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- These are legal documents that are supposed to reflect valid security interests, but are sometimes abused
- However, to ensure fairness and prevent abuse of this affidavit process, the bill includes due process
- SB2221 strengthens our safeguards against fraudulent and abusive practices in commercial filings.
- As Senator Parker laid out, this shield that we are proposing is to prevent abuse and not become a really
- transactions, protect consumers from fraud, and prevent digital financial infrastructure from being abused
Keywords:
real property, Texas State Library, leases, capital improvements, public accessibility, combative sports, licensing, regulation, criminal offense, event approval, advisory boards, Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation, public members, occupational regulations, professional standards, fraudulent financing, secured transactions, business regulation, lending institutions, affidavit process
Summary:
The meeting of the Senate Committee featured extensive discussions centered around numerous bills, with a particular focus on Senate Bill 1705 concerning virtual currency kiosks. During this discussion, members expressed concerns regarding the potential for fraud and the need for regulation surrounding cryptocurrency exchanges. Testimonies from law enforcement emphasized the increase in fraud cases associated with these kiosks, leading to a consensus on the need for consumer protection measures. The committee favorably reported several other bills with unanimous votes, showcasing a collaborative effort amongst senators to address various legislative concerns effectively.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- As we see more and more election workers being threatened, abused, and harassed.
- year and a half to model the surrounding data concerning homelessness, mental health, and substance abuse
- I experienced medical abuse; my prescribed medications were withheld, and my mobility was restricted.
- After my release, I divorced and abusive partner and found
- Many were survivors of domestic abuse or simply fell on hard times.
Keywords:
election officials, confidentiality, personal information, government transparency, public safety, spirit beverages, alcoholic beverages, Texas Alcoholic Beverage Code, distribution, taxation, firearms, local regulation, archery equipment, weapons, public safety, voter registration, statewide list, county requirements, election integrity, computer services contracts
Summary:
The meeting of the State Affairs Committee involved deliberations on a series of significant bills addressing issues such as election procedures, mental health crises, and the interplay between homelessness and public safety. Notably, Senator Parker presented Senate Bill 2487, focusing on creating infrastructure for mental health crisis management in urban areas, emphasizing the need for crisis service centers. Testimonies were heard from various stakeholders about the impact of mental health on homelessness, with supporters advocating for more comprehensive care while opposing viewpoints cautioned against conflating mental illness with criminal behavior. Another prominent discussion was around Senate Bill 2876, which proposed increasing penalties for rioting, specifically targeting those who conceal their identities. This stirred public outcry as civil rights advocates raised concerns about potential profiling and freedom of expression.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th 2nd C.S.
Intergovernmental Affairs Aug 22nd, 2025 at 10:08 am
House Intergovernmental Affairs Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- If I have safety as my number one priority, you know, versus a child care center or whatever that might
- We know that three school districts abused the SHARS system, and so that got them in trouble.
- I just think that when we see that abuse of SHARS, when we see that abuse and then you're asking local
- data-time="11466"> I did want to make a comment regarding the actions of some school districts that abused
Keywords:
fiscal responsibility, local government spending, House Bill 46, House Bill 73, public safety, infrastructure, taxpayer concerns, cost inflation, community services
Summary:
The committee meeting primarily focused on discussions surrounding fiscal responsibility in local governments, particularly the implications of House Bills 46 and 73. Proponents argued that these bills would help limit unnecessary spending and ensure that expenditures are tied to inflation and population growth, addressing taxpayer concerns about rising local budgets. However, numerous city officials and representatives from various organizations voiced strong opposition, claiming that these measures would hinder essential services and infrastructure improvements, particularly in rapidly growing areas. Current spending practices were deemed inadequate for meeting the demands of public safety and community services, especially in light of increased costs in areas like public water systems and emergency response. The meeting was characterized by passionate debate, as stakeholders lined up to express their views both for and against the proposed legislation.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- cases, streamlines local government procedures, and protects due process while closing the door to abuse
- This bill helps prevent fraud and abuse and ensures that.
- City streets and county roads cannot take the abuse.
- The abuse for years has been where the configurations of the axles or shorter combinations of trucks.
- So it's an abuse of the permit systems already.
Bills:
HB2007, HB2863, HB2921, HB3331, HB3332, HJR144, HB3514, HB3528, HB3720, HB3751, HB3859, HB3947, HB4148, HB4346, HB4880, HB5603, HB4337
Keywords:
commercial signs, county approval, transportation code, regulations, road signage, vehicle title, revocation, hearing process, Transportation Code, county assessor-collector, confidentiality, personal information, local government, airport data, public records, vehicle regulation, transportation, steel industry, state fees, safety standards
Summary:
The committee meeting focused on significant discussions surrounding various legislative bills, particularly those affecting infrastructure and navigation regulations in Texas. Notable among these was HB4148, which aims to modernize outdated regulations impacting navigation districts and port authorities. Vice-Chairman Peruzza presented this bill emphasizing its importance in enhancing operational efficiency and updating management practices to better serve Texas's economic needs. Additionally, the chair laid out HB3332, which addresses regional mobility needs and aims to expedite infrastructure projects, reflecting the growing pressures on local communities due to population influx and outdated facilities. The meeting featured public testimonies that highlighted the urgency for legislative action to support infrastructure developments crucial for economic vitality in the region.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Without that, taking in so much nitrous oxide can lead to abuse and serious negative side effects, especially
- It's so harmful for young developing brains that it's actually classified as an abused volatile chemical
Keywords:
municipal libraries, state funding, gender identity, public events, children's literature, presidential electors, election process, voting, Texas Election Code, legislation, federal directives, state rights, constitutional authority, legislative power, enforcement prohibition, Tenth Amendment, attorney general, legal defense, district attorney, county attorney
Summary:
The Senate Committee on State Affairs convened to discuss several legislative measures, notably focusing on youth protection regarding the sale of nitrous oxide and regulations pertaining to 'Drag Queen Story Hours' in public libraries. SB666 aims to prevent the sale of nitrous oxide to individuals under 21, highlighting its health risks, particularly on developing brains. Public health advocates supported the bill, emphasizing the necessity for age restrictions and mandatory state registrations for retailers. The testimony underscored significant concern about the accessibility of nitrous oxide for minors and the urgent need for regulation to mitigate associated health risks.
Additionally, SB18 addressed issues related to drag queen performances in libraries, aiming to restrict public funding for libraries that host such events. This proposal stemmed from safety concerns following reports of inappropriate participants being involved in children's activities. The committee displayed a collaborative spirit, with bipartisan support for the bills aimed at safeguarding children from potentially harmful influences. The meeting concluded with plans for public testimony in the next session, indicating ongoing engagement with community perspectives.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Land & Resource Management May 22nd, 2025 at 08:05 am
House Land & Resource Management Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- people that have been abused so they can't bring forward a
- And you all added this exact same language to Chapter 43, which really helped remedy the city's abuse
Keywords:
historic landmark, property designation, municipality control, historic district, owner consent, compensation, property rights, zoning ordinances, municipal law, historic preservation, Texas legislature, SB2215, SB2639, public testimony, transparency
Summary:
The meeting focused on the review of two bills: SB2215 and SB2639. SB2215, presented by Representative Alders, aims to enhance property owners' rights by clarifying their ability to challenge municipal zoning ordinances that are improperly enacted without due process. The bill garnered support from various stakeholders who emphasized the need for accountability in zoning practices. Conversely, SB2639 sparked significant debate, as it seeks to provide further transparency in historic designations and ensure fair compensation for property owners impacted by such designations. Testimonies from developers and preservationists highlighted the ongoing tension between property rights and the safeguarding of historic sites, illustrating the complexities and implications of these bills on Texas communities.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- , we would likely remove that child from the home for neglect.
- relationship while the child is missing from the substitute care provider.
- jurisdiction over a case while the child is missing, we're
- If we lose one child, that's really one child too many.
- But also, once a child is found, then the deadlines must be reactivated.
Keywords:
disability, supported decision-making, legal assistance, confidentiality, access to justice, autonomy, civil rights, advocacy, judicial branch, court security, expunction, pretrial intervention, youth diversion, record retention, legislative procedures, Senate Bill 2165, foster care, missing children, supportive decision-making, legal jurisdiction
Summary:
The meeting included significant discussions surrounding several bills focusing on children's welfare, particularly regarding foster care and supportive decision-making agreements. Notably, Senate Bill 2165 was presented, which addresses the issue of foster children who go missing and the legal implications of dismissing their cases while they are unaccounted for. The bill aims to ensure that courts retain jurisdiction over these cases to provide continuous support and monitoring until the children reach adulthood. Several witnesses, including legal experts and advocates, expressed fervent support for the bill, highlighting the vulnerabilities of youth in the foster care system and the risks of human trafficking associated with missing children. The importance of maintaining oversight and support for these youth was a common sentiment throughout the testimony.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Appropriations - S/C on Articles VI, VII, & VIII Feb 24th, 2025 at 10:00 am
House Appropriations - S/C on Articles VI, VII, & VIII
Transcript Highlights:
- We have 365 child care deserts across the state.
- We're here to testify on TWC's budget on child care.
- I've been in the child care business since 2003.
- Child care is the single most...
- Likewise, child care...
Keywords:
Texas Lottery Commission, charitable bingo, regulatory framework, financial appropriations, Sunset Advisory Commission, lottery couriers, operational efficiency
Summary:
The meeting of the Texas Lottery Commission centered around vital discussions regarding the regulatory framework and operational issues related to the lottery and charitable bingo systems in Texas. The committee reviewed financial appropriations, focusing on the need for infrastructure improvements to the Charitable Bingo Operations Division and highlighted the ongoing work with the Sunset Advisory Commission to enhance operational efficiency and compliance. Significant attention was given to the unregulated activities of lottery ticket couriers, which have raised concerns about integrity and fairness in lottery games, prompting the commission to consider appropriate measures to stop such activities.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Public Education Mar 11th, 2025 at 02:30 pm
House Public Education Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- ...of a special needs child or for a child in special education
- A parent is free right now to send their child to a private school.
- If a special needs child—or a child with a disability in particular—was unable to use it as they were
- This was sort of the era of No Child Left Behind, right?
- I have one child in a private school, and I have one child in a charter school.
Bills:
HB3
Keywords:
education savings account, educational expenses, certified educational assistance organization, school choice, funding, special education, tuition reimbursement, education funding, public schools, HB3, voucher systems, equity in education, testimony, committee discussion
Summary:
The meeting centered around critical discussions regarding HB3, particularly focusing on public school funding and educational mandates. There were passionate exchanges among committee members as they debated the implications of the bill on equity in education and funding transparency. Expert testimonies were heard, including an education policy expert who underscored previous findings that highlighted the potential negative impacts of voucher systems on students, especially those from marginalized backgrounds. The discussion raised vital questions regarding how similar programs in other states had fared, emphasizing lessons learned from their experiences.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Business and Commerce (Part I) Apr 3rd, 2025
Senate Business & Commerce Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- However, some transparency measures are being abused by government entities seeking to prevent the truth
- Furthermore, governments or employees who are found to abuse this new procedure You're going to end up with citizens not getting information, and those that abuse
I don't think, not getting into whether there's abuse
Bills:
SB231, SB584, SB600, SB668, SB841, SB986, SB1003, SB1244, SB1625, SB1960, SB1963, SB1964, SB2026, SB2056, SB2368
Keywords:
heirs' property, cotenants, partition action, right of first refusal, real property, public information, government transparency, bad faith requests, expedited response, attorney general authority, open records, renewable energy, distributed generation, compensation, ERCOT, electricity generation, renewable energy, distributed generation, compensation, ERCOT
Summary:
The meeting of the Senate Business and Commerce Committee primarily focused on legislative issues following Hurricane Beryl, particularly Senate Bill 231, which aims to create a process for CenterPoint to compensate its customers for overcharges related to backup power and mobile generation units. During discussions, Executive Vice President Jason Ryan outlined CenterPoint's commitment to refund approximately $430 million and absorb future costs related to these generators. The bill's substitute also mandates that leased emergency generators be mobile and capable of quick deployment during significant outages, addressing previous concerns over inefficiencies experienced during past weather events.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Pensions, Investments & Financial Services May 12th, 2025 at 08:05 am
House Pensions, Investments & Financial Services Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- I don't think there is a lot of abuse that shows that if you put this cap in place, this would stop people
- As you've heard, there was an abuse of tax anticipation notes, absolutely.
Keywords:
money transmission, public finance, certificates of obligation, tax anticipation notes, consumer protection, First Amendment, voter will
Summary:
The meeting focused on the discussion of two significant pieces of legislation: SB512 and SB1024. SB512 aims to protect users of money transmission services by preventing penalties imposed by service providers for violating terms of service. Representative Hayes explained that this bill responds to troubling practices observed among money service businesses. Public testimonies were presented both in support and opposition to the bill, highlighting concerns over First Amendment rights and the implications for consumer protection. The committee ultimately left the bill pending for further consideration.
In contrast, SB1024 addresses public finance issues, specifically the misuse of voter-rejected projects through certificates of obligation and tax anticipation notes. Senator Betancourt described instances where municipalities have circumvented voter will by issuing debt for projects previously rejected in elections. The committee heard extensive public testimony critiquing the proposed restrictions in the bill, with arguments centered around the potential unintended consequences for local governments and necessary infrastructure projects. Both bills generated lively discussions among committee members, leading to wider considerations of public finance ethics and the relationship between voters and local governments.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- to give our children the best start in life, and no one enters into parenthood expecting to have a child
- With my sister, who is a single mom to a special needs child
- >I want to begin by asking the committee to picture this: a new mom who has been worried about her child
- Yes, we do care about the child who has the violent behavior, but we first have to remove them.
- I don't want to put any child in D.A.E.P., but these behaviors persist.
Keywords:
education funding, Texas State Technical College System, constitutional amendment, capital projects, workforce education, mental health, telehealth, public schools, discipline management, behavioral interventions, career readiness, education reform, workforce training, public schools, financial aid, vendor contracts, school district, criminal offense, conflict of interest, educational governance
Summary:
The meeting of the Senate Committee on Education, K-16, revolved around multiple bills, notably HB1188, HB2856, HB3126, HJR5, and HB6. Key discussions highlighted the importance of early intervention for families with special needs through HB1188, which aims to provide better resources for parents. Public testimony included compelling narratives that underscored the personal impact of such legislation. Additionally, the committee engaged in important dialogue concerning student discipline, specifically focusing on vaping in schools and its consequences under HB6.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
S/C on Academic & Career-Oriented Education May 1st, 2025 at 08:05 am
House S/C on Academic & Career-Oriented Education
Transcript Highlights:
House Bill 4980 creates the Child Care Professional
- certificate or associate degree related to the field of professional child care.
- Child care, obviously.
- What is a Child Development Associate credential? I mean, what are we talking about there?
- It's basically for the things that you would expect one who would provide child care.
Keywords:
Junior Reserve Officer Training Corps, Leadership Officer Training Corps, public school, career education, military readiness, public school accountability, Junior Reserve Officer Training Corps, Leadership Officer Training Corps, career education, public school accountability, funding allotments, healthcare, insurance, cost control, patient access, regulation, affordability, public health, JROTC, Leadership Officer Training Corps
Summary:
The meeting of the committee on academic and career-oriented education centered on a series of bills focused on career and technology education. Notably, Representative Kerr introduced HB1079, which aims to formally recognize JROTC and LOTC programs as viable career and technology education pathways. Kerr expressed the significance of these programs for student readiness in both military and civilian careers, emphasizing the importance of leadership and teamwork skills gained through these courses. Public testimony included support from former JROTC members, highlighting the positive impact of the program on their lives and career trajectories.