Transcript Highlights:

• 4032">For our part, Methodist Health Care Ministries has partnered with Texas Health Institute to conduct

Bills: HB321, HB1027, HB1295, HB1782, HB2295, HCR29, HCR56

Keywords: Medicaid, child health, express lane option, income verification, supplemental nutrition assistance, telepharmacy, healthcare access, remote dispensing, rural clinics, pharmacy regulations, health literacy, state health plan, health care, patient outcomes, public health, economic impact, Medicaid, healthcare, breast cancer, cervical cancer

Summary: In this committee meeting, members engaged in extensive discussions regarding several bills aimed at enhancing public health initiatives in Texas. Notably, House Bill 1295 was introduced to tackle the pressing issue of health literacy, highlighting its critical importance for improving health outcomes and reducing costs within the state's healthcare system. Vice Chair Busey presented House Bill 321, which aims to streamline the enrollment process for Medicaid and CHIP by utilizing data from the SNAP application to ensure that eligible children can access necessary healthcare coverage. Both bills received public testimonies that emphasized the need for better health education and access to health insurance, particularly for children and vulnerable populations in Texas. Witnesses spoke on the societal importance of nurturing a health-conscious generation, thereby laying a moral obligation on policymakers to support such legislative endeavors.

Transcript Highlights:

• Yearly reviews of faculty members are conducted to ensure

Bills: HB173, HB184, HB484, HB678, HB1211, HB1507, HB1705, HB1868, HB2290, HB2851, HB2856, HB3041, HB3204

Keywords: foreign donations, higher education, public institutions, national security, funding, higher education, foreign donations, prohibition, national security, Texas law, healthcare, insurance, affordability, access, public health, higher education, foreign donations, national security, foreign influence, education policy

Summary: The meeting focused primarily on the evaluation of several bills related to higher education funding and performance. Notably, the committee discussed HB1868, which was transformed into a study to analyze funding disparities between community colleges and school districts. Representative Wilson highlighted concerns raised by community colleges regarding funding thresholds and the potential fiscal impact, which is estimated at over $1 billion over the next biennium. The committee also passed HB271 after adopting a committee substitute that addresses success rates for students with disabilities, reflecting a commitment to inclusivity in higher education. Overall, the discussions emphasized the need for equitable funding and data-driven decisions for future legislative sessions.

Transcript Highlights:

• TCEQ contracts with the State Office of Administrative Hearings to conduct hearings where an administrative

Bills: HB573, HB1499, HB1768, HB3071, HB3249, HB3866, HB4112

Keywords: environmental enforcement, legislative oversight, inspection, concrete plants, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, environmental product declaration, grant program, ready-mixed concrete, manufacturers, sustainability, solid waste, landfill permits, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, environmental regulation, population density, municipal waste management, environmental quality, administrative hearings, regulatory compliance, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality

Summary: The committee meeting primarily focused on several key bills aimed at addressing environmental concerns and regulatory frameworks affecting communities across Texas. A significant portion of the discussion revolved around House Bill 573, which aims to enhance the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality's (TCEQ) ability to respond to concrete batch plant inspection requests, effectively prioritizing community health concerns. Concerns regarding dust and air pollution from these plants were raised frequently, highlighting the challenges faced by constituents living nearby. Additionally, House Bill 1499 introduced a grant program to help small concrete batch plants improve their environmental impact, reflecting the committee’s commitment to sustainable development while balancing economic growth.

Transcript Highlights:

• span marker="1132" data-time="6786"> Reckless driving isn't just a traffic mistake; it's a criminal conduct

Bills: SB128, SB203, SB317, SB393, SB397, SB731, SB781, SB801, SB867, SB1071, SB1086, SB1087, SB1232, SB1262, SB1444, SB1483, SB1782, SB1798, SB1861, SB1897, SB1944, SB2023, SB2082, SB2215, SB2309, SB2497, SB2549, SB2566, SB2603, SB2607, SB2617, SB2688, SB2797, SB2799, SB2841, SB2891, SB2919, SB2928, SB2969, SB2994, SB3070, HB11, HB12, HB26, HB33, HB34, HB45, HB48, HB130, HB148, HB198, HB210, HB303, HB647, HB668, HB677, HB762, HB791, HB1022, HB1041, HB1188, HB1240, HB1242, HB1261, HB1318, HB1397, HB1465, HB1520, HB1535, HB1729, HB1778, HB1950, HB2003, HB2027, HB2029, HB2559, HB2596, HB2607, HB2692, HB2712, HB2742, HB2768, HB2775, HB2788, HB2802, HB2894, HB3474, HB3594, HB3611, HB3698, HB3699, HB3700, HB4187, HB4753, HB4804, HB4850, HB4885, HB5061, HB5238, HB5560, HCR90, SJR34, SB529, SB541, SB693, SB963, SB1173, SB1646, SB1734, SB1833, SB1968, SB2544, SB1, SB17, SB260, SB509, SB1506, SB1637, SB2308, SJR36, SJR50, SJR63, SCR12, SCR39, SB2023, SB128, SB2309, SB1861, SB2617, SB62, SB666, SB847, SB284, SB854, SB810, SB1505, SB583, SB507, SB1434, SB1772, SB2016, SB1122, SB731, SB397, SB508, SB1436, SB287, SB1882, SB393, SB1791, SB209, SB2429, SB511, SB1085, SB1975, SB2717, SB1262, SB636, SB2056, SB884, SB1200, SB1845, SB2458, SB801, SB3014, SB3013, SB758, SB2797, SB2076, SB2876, SB1640, SB1449, SB1181, SB1234, SB2926, SB2841, SB1528, SB2891, SB1854, SB317, SB1250, SB2082, SB1237, SB2819, SB629, SB2608, SB1602, SB2009, SB867, SB640, SB1698, SB2680, SB913, SB1071, SB1086, SB1087, SB1483, SB1444, SB1553, SB1556, SB1703, SB2133, SB2297, SB2298, SB2622, SB2955, SB2334, SB1367, SB2044, SB2363, SB2565, SB1888, SB3036, SB3057, SB3043, SB3063, SB3035, SB203, SB2799, SB2688, SB2522, SB2459, SB2655, SB2251, SB1884, SB2928, SB2566, SB1749, SB2549, SB2553, SB2919, SB1782, SB1944, SB1232, SB2969, SB2497, SB1798, SB2603, SB2607, SB781, SB524, SB2233, SB2683, HB1393, HB2559, HB26, HB2607, HB3810, HB388, HB12, HB2712, HB2692, HB1633, HB1318, HB685, HB4753, HB2742, HB303, HB198, HB1535, HB762, HB148, HB1520, HB5061, HB2286, HB1606, HB1041, HB132, HB11, HB45, HB48, HB1261, HB1465, HB1778, HB2596, HB5238, HB33, HB1188, HB210, HB1022, HB1458, HB5560, HB1240, HB1950, HB2027, HB2768, HB2788, HB2791, HB3146, HB3698, HB3699, HB1893, HB3700, HB4850, HB4187, HB1397, HB4885, HB4804, HB3751, HB3611, HB2775, HB2061, HB2003, HB1729, HB1242, HB791, HB2029, HB647, HB2522, HB4738, HB3033, HB3594, HB3474, HB2563, HB2802, HB34, HB128, HB130, HB581, HB668, HB677, HB766, HB2259, HB2960, HB2358, HB2894, HB4384, HB2663, HB748, HB793, HB1193, HB1734, HB2340, HB2350, HB3104, HB5180, HB4739, HB1584, HB4344, HB4238, HB4219, HB3806, HB3805, HB3804, HB3803, HB3229, HB3228, HB1922, HB1522, HB431, HB3597, HB1612, HB4224, HB754, HB1314, HB2254, HB2789, HB3560, HB4643, HB1237, HCR90, HCR98, SJR60, SB1319, SB1978, SB3038, SB3045, SB1633, HB3126, HB2856, HB3114, HB3041, HB3505, HB4205, HB5652, HB3687, HB5424, HB4506, HB3370, HB2025, HB4273

Keywords: hospital reporting, child abuse, neglect, administrative penalty, medical ethics, child protection, student privacy, numerical class rank, education policy, academic programs, high school, monuments, memorials, public property, historical significance, civil penalties, local governance, law enforcement, employee records, confidentiality

Summary: The meeting involved extensive discussions on several key legislative bills, notably HB1188 and HB1535, both aimed at enhancing support systems for vulnerable populations. HB1188, known as the Caitlin Handley Act, mandates school districts to provide information about local intellectual and developmental disability services to parents of special education students. It passed without objections and was recognized for its potential to improve awareness and access to critical resources. Similarly, HB1535 focused on governance improvements for the Trinity River Authority, emphasizing transparency and accountability in its operations. The bill received strong support and moved forward smoothly through the legislative process.

Transcript Highlights:

• span marker="601" data-time="3600"> Facilities of which certain procedures and so forth would be conducted

Bills: HB139, HB1818, HB1942, HB1959, HB2221, HB2254, HB2563, HB2067, HB2275, HB3211

Keywords: advanced practice registered nurse, health maintenance organization, preferred provider, insurance, healthcare access, healthcare, insurance, provider ranking, cost-sharing, fiduciary duty, patient choice, insurance, annuities, health coverage, trade practices, rebates, inducements, health promotion, wellness programs, insurance

Summary: The meeting of the House Committee on Insurance was a significant gathering that focused on various health-related bills, including HB138, AB388, HB1942, and others. The committee heard testimony from multiple stakeholders, including representatives from the Texas Medical Association, who emphasized the importance of health insurance transparency and compliance. Notably, HB1818 garnered attention as it aims to enhance the oversight of utilization review processes, which has previously faced challenges from both insurers and healthcare providers. The committee also discussed measures to improve the prescribed burning insurance under HB2563, a critical topic due to the increasing risk of wildfires in Texas. Several witnesses provided insights into the urgent need for a robust insurance framework to support prescribed burn managers, highlighting the current limitations and risks posed by the lack of coverage in the market.

Transcript Highlights:

• The Guard cannot conduct a majority of their operations currently

Bills: HB39, HB227, HB930, HB1078

Keywords: highway designation, veteran recognition, commemorative, transportation, Brazoria County, Texas National Guard, combat duty, military activation, state requirements, emergency response, Texas National Guard, active combat duty, military service, Congressional action, Governor responsibilities, Texas National Guard, combat duty, Congressional declaration, military activation, state law

Summary: During the meeting, the committee deliberated on several bills primarily focused on veteran welfare and transition issues. One of the main highlights was the discussion of HB39, which proposes to improve data collection on veteran suicide rates, addressing the alarming statistics that reveal veterans are dying by suicide at a rate significantly higher than the general population. The bill seeks to mandate the Texas Department of Health and Human Services to submit aggregate data regarding deceased veterans to the Texas Veterans Commission, ensuring proper analysis and reporting on this critical issue. Witnesses, including mental health professionals and veterans, provided their insights, emphasizing the importance of having accurate data to inform better policies for preventing veteran suicides.

Transcript Highlights:

• SFMO duties include investigating fire origin and cause, conducting state building fire safety inspections

Keywords: budget, preimiums, financial policy, members, committee discussions

Summary: The meeting involved extensive discussions on various topics, although specific bills or motions were not highlighted. The members engaged in a dialogue surrounding the financial aspects of policies under review, particularly referencing rate components and reserves. Questions were raised regarding the allocation of premiums and the implications for future budgets, but no concrete resolutions were made. The Chair, after guiding the discussion, indicated the conclusion of the agenda and called for any additional business before moving to adjourn.

Transcript Highlights:

• In conducting the study, the workgroup will be tasked with evaluating the...

Bills: HCR7, HB1557, HB1608, HB2061, HB2201, HB2210, HB2426, HB2754, HJR165, HB2513

Keywords: Veterans of Foreign Wars, veterans, commemoration, military service, recognition, September 29, veterans, waiver programs, toll roads, discount programs, transportation, veterans, affordable housing, land bank program, low-income households, Texas State Affordable Housing Corporation, education, funding, schools, curriculum

Summary: The meeting convened to discuss a range of bills pertinent to veterans' issues, including housing, mental health, and memorial designations. Representative Lopez took a leading role in presenting several bills, most notably HB2210, which aims to formally recognize the United States Space Force within Texas laws. Concerns were expressed over ensuring that Space Force veterans receive the same benefits as those from other military branches. Various resource witnesses contributed their expertise to underline the necessity of these initiatives. The public also had opportunities to provide testimony regarding the impact of these measures on veterans' welfare. Discussions frequently centered on challenges such as homelessness among veterans, with several bills introduced to address these issues directly. The committee expressed a strong intention to advocate for veterans' needs through legislation, with notable support for bills that addressed housing affordability and mental health services. HB2061, which honors a fallen service member, was also discussed, reinforcing the community's commitment to recognizing the sacrifices made by those who served. The meeting concluded with motions to schedule multiple bills for further consideration with unanimous support.

Transcript Highlights:

• /span> Like I said, my understanding is the only people whose conduct

Bills: HB245, HB700, HB2783, HB3526, HB3900, HB4061, HB4124, HB4166, HB4395, HB4534, HB4609, HB4641, HB4736, HB4738, HB4739, HB4945, HB5015, HJR175

Keywords: military service, retirement, law enforcement, custodial officer, Employees Retirement System, commercial financing, brokers, registration, disclosures, finance, consumer protection, fees, deferred compensation, automatic participation, county employees, payroll deductions, retirement plans, fiscal transparency, local government, bond issuance

Summary: The meeting exhibited a heated discussion on the implications of House Bills 4124, 4061, and 40. Chairman Darby emphasized the importance of reducing credit card swipe fees that adversely affect small businesses in Texas, presenting HB 4124, which aims to exempt sales tax and gratuities from being subject to these fees. Various witnesses, including representatives from the Texas Retailers Association and the National Restaurant Association, supported HB 4124, arguing that it would alleviate financial burdens on local businesses and promote economic fairness. However, several opposing voices raised concerns regarding potential complications and regulatory hurdles that could complicate the business landscape further.

Transcript Highlights:

• So, to inform our planning, West Texas Together conducted

Bills: SB596, SB961, SB1398, SB1183, SB1952

Keywords: fraud prevention, Medicaid eligibility, verification, healthcare benefits, data matching, family preservation, foster care, child welfare, community-based care, parent-child relationship, Department of Family and Protective Services, case management, service provider selection, child welfare, community-based care, SB1398, HB5396, SB596, data collection, public testimony

Summary: The meeting highlighted significant discussions surrounding child welfare and community-based care, focusing primarily on SB1398 and HB5396. Notably, representatives expressed concerns about the effectiveness and transparency of the current system, emphasizing the need for stronger documentation and accountability measures in handling cases of children and families. Senator Davis discussed the implications of SB596, which seeks to enhance data collection regarding outcomes of cases handled by the Department of Family and Protective Services, aiming to improve service delivery and outcomes for vulnerable children. Public testimony was heard from various stakeholders, highlighting the need for collaboration and understanding throughout the legislative process, which ultimately aims to better support families and prevent the need for child removal from their homes.

Transcript Highlights:

• 1530"> On healthcare prices, as people were allowed to choose, hiding prices conversely allows bad conduct

Bills: SB2024, SB227, SB268, SB1467, SB1580, HB5537, SB1313, SB1677, SB918, SB331, SB2207, SB2721

Keywords: e-cigarettes, marketing prohibition, youth protection, criminal penalties, public health, school funding, education reform, state budget, property taxes, equity in education, health care, licensing, complaint procedure, disciplinary action, law enforcement, death records, vital statistics, healthcare, trauma facility, Medicaid

Summary: The meeting featured vigorous discussions around several significant bills, including SB2024 concerning youth vaping and its potential consequences. Witnesses presented compelling testimonies highlighting the dangers of e-cigarette use among teenagers, emphasizing how marketing tactics cleverly target this demographic. The bill faced no opposition during discussions but was left pending for further review and amendments. Additionally, HB5537 aimed to empower psychologists to prescribe medication, spurred different viewpoints from committee members about mental health measures and prescription regulations. Amidst these discussions, there was a focus on ensuring access to care while maintaining safety and quality standards.

Transcript Highlights:

• testimony, you highlighted the significant reduction of milk waste as a result of the trial you conducted

Bills: SB222

Keywords: Whole Milk for Healthy Kids Act, S222, school nutrition, child obesity, milk options, bipartisan support, food supply challenges, federal funding

Summary: This meeting of the committee focused primarily on the Whole Milk for Healthy Kids Act, S222, which aims to permit schools to offer a fuller range of milk options, including whole, reduced, and low-fat varieties, that have garnered bipartisan support. Chairman Bozeman opened the session by highlighting concerns over children's nutrition and the obesity epidemic, emphasizing the significance of nutritious school meals in addressing these issues. Experts from various organizations were invited to discuss the implications of this bill as well as the current challenges facing school meal programs, including budget constraints and food supply issues. The meeting included passionate testimonies about the direct impacts of current dietary guidelines and federal funding reductions affecting schools' abilities to provide healthy meal options.

Transcript Highlights:

• And insurance regulators are working on market conduct to

Keywords: homeowners insurance, natural disasters, insurance costs, climate change, disaster preparedness, federal policies, bipartisan solutions

Summary: The meeting reviewed critical issues surrounding the rising costs and accessibility of homeowners insurance across the United States, particularly in light of increasing natural disasters linked to climate change. Members engaged in extensive discussions regarding the implications for families and the economy, citing significant increases in premiums and decreasing availability of policies in high-risk areas. Supervisor Peysko highlighted the direct impact of federal policies on local communities, emphasizing the growing burden on homeowners as they face skyrocketing insurance costs amidst a backdrop of environmental challenges and regulatory constraints. The committee expressed a unified call to action for bipartisan solutions, focusing on improving building codes and enhancing disaster preparedness measures.

Transcript Highlights:

• Now, we also know that we conducted a pavement study in the 87th legislative session that showed that

Keywords: transportation funding, Proposition 1, Proposition 7, TXDOT, Cameron County, transportation infrastructure, public testimony, funding shortfall, state transportation

Summary: The meeting of the Standing Subcommittee on Transportation addressed crucial issues relating to state transportation funding, focusing primarily on Propositions 1 and 7. The discussions, led by Chairman Canales, highlighted the significant contribution these propositions make to Texas's transportation budget and the impending challenges tied to a projected funding shortfall of $15 billion. Mark Williams, Executive Director of TxDOT, along with Stephen Stewart, CFO, emphasized the importance of sustained funding to support Texas’s growing infrastructure needs amidst rising costs and diminishing revenue sources, notably due to changes in vehicle fuel efficiency and increased reliance on electric vehicles. Notable public testimony from Pete Sepulveda from the Cameron County Regional Mobility Authority provided insights into local funding mechanisms and their role in enhancing the regional transportation networks.

Transcript Highlights:

• To conduct a study on the effect of Chapter 1352 of the Insurance

Bills: HB345, HB721, HB2580, SB815, HB3057, HB4603, HB3233, SB495, HB3863, HB3914, HB4570, HB5099, HB5173, SB458

Keywords: insurance, appraisal process, disputed losses, residential property, policyholder rights, insurer obligations, natural disasters, appraisal expenses, insurance, appraisal process, disputed losses, residential property, policyholder rights, umpire selection, appraisal expenses, natural disasters, insurance, residential property, appraisal process, disputed losses

Summary: The House Committee on Insurance meeting covered multiple bills focused on healthcare regulations and patient accessibility. Notably, House Bill 3057 was highlighted in testimony from citizens advocating for expanded access to CAR T-cell therapy, which has shown effectiveness for blood cancers. Testimonies were given by affected individuals, emphasizing the need for local treatment options without the burden of travel to distant medical facilities. Similarly, House Bill 4603 was laid out with the intent to align arbitration options and ensure that consumers receive timely resolutions in disputed medical charges. Overall, the committee demonstrated an active engagement with the public and various stakeholders while navigating key issues affecting health insurance and patient care in Texas.

Transcript Highlights:

• this is Representative Noble's bill that we previously heard which relates to the prohibition on conducting

Bills: HB2510, HB3589, HB4611, HB4655, HB4665, HB4666, HB4670, HB4700, HB4730, HB4798, HB4838, HB5136, HB5243, HB5302, HB5539

Keywords: assisted living, healthcare, licensing, criminal offense, personal assistance, group home, licensing, regulation, health and safety, inspections, resident care, criminal background checks, adoption, parental rights, registry, vital statistics, disclosure, counseling, foster care, independent living

Summary: During this meeting of the committee, key discussions were held regarding various bills, particularly those concerning contract requirements related to the Department of Family and Protective Services (DFPS). Multiple bills, such as HB4129, HB4130, and HB4131, were unanimously reported favorably without any debate, showcasing a clear consensus among members about their importance in regulating contracts with single-source continuum contractors. Notable attention was also directed towards HB3750, which pertains to reimbursement for legal expenses incurred by DFPS employees, demonstrating acknowledgment of the need to protect staff operating in complex legal environments. Public testimony was welcomed, allowing voices from the community to add value to the legislative dialogue. The meeting concluded with a commitment to continue examining the implications of these bills as they move forward in the legislative process.

Transcript Highlights:

• Texas Labor Code requires workers' compensation and requires the workers' medical evaluation group to conduct

Bills: HB875, HB1667, HB2369, HB3844, HB4415, HB4479, HB4483, HB4676, HB5118, HB5400, HB5545

Keywords: workers' compensation, municipal construction, bidding requirements, small municipalities, contracting policies, workers' compensation, first responders, PTSD, mental health, emergency services, workers' compensation, medical expenses, first responders, injury claims, insurance carriers, opportunity youth, workforce development, employment, education, federal funds

Summary: The meeting of the committee included significant discussions centered around various bills, particularly those related to workers' compensation, opportunity youth, and sexual harassment. Representative Patterson spearheaded a discussion on HB2369, a bill aimed at reforming the workers' compensation system for first responders, stressing the need for swift evaluations and treatment to facilitate quicker recovery. Several members voiced their support, citing the bill's importance in ensuring that injured first responders can return to work more efficiently. Public testimony highlighted personal stories that underscored the critical impact of the legislation.

Transcript Highlights:

• Applicants must demonstrate the ability to, one, conduct and finance FDA-compliant drug development.

Bills: SB128, SB640, SB672, SB904, SB1141, SB1263, SB1525, SB1528, SB2041, SB2306, SB2308, SB2357, SB2446, SB2583, SB2695, SB2857, SB2891

Keywords: hospital reporting, child abuse, neglect, administrative penalty, medical ethics, child protection, hearing instruments, licensing, continuing education, patient protection, medical evaluations, parent-child relationship, Department of Family and Protective Services, adversary hearing, protected rights, legal custody, prescription drugs, prior authorization, neurodegenerative diseases, health benefits

Summary: During this meeting of the Senate Committee on Health and Human Services, significant attention was given to various bills aimed at enhancing healthcare provisions and improving processes within the health sector. Notable discussions included the presentation of Senate Bill 547 by Senator Menendez, which seeks to streamline provider notice requirements for healthcare professionals by proposing a centralized database managed by the Texas Department of Insurance. The bill was favorably reported and moved forward with recommendations for local and uncontested calendars. Additionally, a committee substitute for Senate Bill 2308 was introduced, focusing on innovative mental health treatments for veterans, particularly regarding ibogaine as a treatment for opioid use disorder. This proposal received strong support due to its potential to lead the nation in mental health care advancements.

Transcript Highlights:

• ...on how they vote in the next election, but it really confuses

Bills: SB26

Keywords: teacher compensation, education funding, public school educators, teacher retention, teacher designation, Senate Bill 26, teacher compensation, education, salary increase, Texas teachers, teacher retention, educational reform, public testimony

Summary: The meeting of the Senate Committee on Education featured an extensive discussion on Senate Bill 26, aimed at reforming teacher compensation in Texas. Notable highlights included testimonies emphasizing the urgent need for meaningful salary increases for teachers across the state. Members discussed the historical nature of the proposed pay raises, which would establish a permanent salary allotment for teachers, allowing for dispatches of nearly $5 billion aimed at boosting educator retention. The importance of addressing teacher safety and equality across various educational roles was also a significant point of focus during this meeting.

Transcript Highlights:

• I'm a Friendswood ISD board member and serve as the president-elect of the Texas Association.

Bills: HB8

Keywords: education, accountability, assessments, HB8, testing, public testimony, teacher input

Summary: The committee meeting focused on HB8, which proposes significant changes to the assessment and accountability system in Texas education. Key discussions involved the transition from the previous STAR testing framework to a new instructionally supportive assessment program that aims to provide timely feedback to enhance instructional strategies. Proponents of the bill argue that it encourages a growth-oriented approach, while opponents express concerns about the potential increase in high-stakes testing and the makeup of the advisory committee, which has limited educator and parental representation. Numerous witnesses spoke, highlighting both support and apprehension regarding the bill's implications for students, educators, and accountability standards.