Transcript Highlights:

• It's all based on Kinsey's fraud and data that you heard about earlier.

Bills: SB20, SB1621, SB412, SB441, SB442

Keywords: child protection, sexual offenses, visual material, artificial intelligence, criminal penalties, law enforcement, defense against prosecution, obscenity, child protection, law enforcement, judicial officer, SB20, SB1621, child protection, artificial intelligence, sexual exploitation, legislation, deep fakes, criminal justice

Summary: The meeting of the Senate Committee on Criminal Justice focused on legislative measures aimed at enhancing the protection of minors against the evolving threats posed by artificial intelligence and technology in the realm of child exploitation. Multiple bills, including SB20 and SB1621, were introduced to address child sexual abuse material (CSAM), particularly concerning AI-generated content and deep fakes. During the session, committee members highlighted the importance of these initiatives, emphasizing that the current legal framework must adapt to the rapidly changing technological landscape. The discussions emphasized the commitment of the committee members to protect children and the integrity of these legislative efforts. Public testimony brought forth a sense of urgency from both law enforcement and advocacy groups highlighting widespread concerns about the misuse of technology to exploit children.

Transcript Highlights:

• So the combination of natural disasters and rising

Bills: HB2013, HB4163, HB4810

Keywords: property owners associations, chickens, urban farming, land use, homeowner rights, agriculture, municipal regulation, governmental requirements, land use, farm management, agriculture, inspections, border control, trade, state funding, agriculture, trade inspection, cross-border trade, produce, Homeowners Association

Summary: The meeting of the Agriculture and Livestock Committee mainly centered around discussions regarding three bills: HB4810, HB2013, and HB4163. Notable emphasis was placed on HB4810, which seeks to renew the Trade Agriculture Inspection Grant Program due to its critical role in ensuring the efficient flow of agricultural goods between Texas and Mexico. Testimonies from various stakeholders highlighted the importance of cross-border trade and the economic impact of agricultural imports, which supports thousands of jobs and ensures a reliable food supply. The committee members engaged in thoughtful deliberations about the necessity of maintaining and expanding the program to accommodate rising trade volumes and local agricultural needs.

Transcript Highlights:

• that and lowering that threshold could be catastrophic because it could drastically increase post-disaster

Bills: SB1642, SB1643, SB2530

Keywords: Texas Department of Insurance, commission appointments, insurance regulation, oversight, consumer advocacy, insurance rates, property insurance, commercial automobile insurance, rate approval, consumer protection, windstorm insurance, Texas Windstorm Insurance Association, insurance regulation, administrative penalties, coastal counties, insurance regulation, property and casualty insurance, Senate Bill 1643, consumer protection, Texas Department of Insurance

Summary: The committee meeting held extensive discussions on multiple pieces of legislation focused primarily on insurance and healthcare. A significant portion of the meeting revolved around SB1643, which proposes changes to how property and casualty insurance rates are regulated in Texas by requiring prior approval from the Texas Department of Insurance (TDI) for any rate changes exceeding 10%. Members expressed mixed feelings about this proposal, with concerns that it might lead to increased costs for consumers while discussing the balance between consumer protection and maintaining a competitive insurance market. Witnesses offered testimony both in favor and against the bill, highlighting the importance of thoughtful regulatory frameworks amidst rising insurance costs.

Transcript Highlights:

• We have a surge in homelessness due to a natural disaster, and there can be particularly...

Bills: HB1597, HB2364, HB2437, HB3205, HB3253, HB3310, HB3648, HB3906, HB4259, HB5645

Keywords: parking, county courthouse, infrastructure, local government, public safety, housing, homelessness, county fee, housing initiatives, local government, emergency shelter, rapid rehousing, Texas legislation, constable, salary assistance, grants, rural law enforcement, law enforcement funding, noise regulations, county authority

Summary: The committee meeting convened to address a series of bills aimed at enhancing public safety, addressing homelessness, and improving governance associated with county purchasing agents. Key discussions revolved around HB3205, which seeks to implement a County Housing First Initiative to combat homelessness by allowing counties to create a dedicated funding source for such initiatives. Representative Campos presented compelling evidence supporting the efficacy of Housing First programs, citing substantial improvements in housing stability and quality of life for participants. The bill received favorable testimonies from various stakeholders, emphasizing its crucial role in tackling homelessness in Texas.

Transcript Highlights:

• My understanding, I hear a lot about waste, fraud, and abuse in government agencies, is that in 2024
• span marker="1996" data-time="11970"> My understanding is that there is a lot of talk about waste, fraud

Keywords: budget recommendations, staffing increase, operational capacity, salary adjustments, public testimony, funding requests

Summary: The meeting primarily focused on budgetary recommendations and exceptional item requests from various state agencies, with a significant emphasis on enhancing staffing and operational capacities. Key discussions revolved around the funding requests that support improved service delivery, particularly for the Funeral Service Commission and the Veterinary Medical Examiners. Members expressed concerns regarding staff retention and the need for salary adjustments to align compensation with market standards, seeking to decrease turnover rates and maintain effective service levels. Public testimonies reflected support for the agencies' requests while also raising some concerns about fee increases to accommodate budgetary needs. The chair concluded with expectations of further discussions on residual budgetary items in subsequent meetings.

Transcript Highlights:

• This can include anything from fraud, waste, to abuse.
• It can be anything from fraud, waste, to abuse.

Keywords: public education, funding, teacher retention, deficit budgets, legislative changes, Texas Education Agency, educational landscape, workforce development

Summary: The House Committee on Public Education convened a comprehensive meeting focused on critical issues impacting education in Texas. Chairman Buckley emphasized the committee's commitment to providing the largest public education investment in the state’s history while addressing pressing concerns such as funding disparities, teacher retention, and legislative changes impacting the educational landscape. Notably, Commissioner Mike Morath presented an extensive report detailing the current state of public education, highlighting a pressing need for adequate funding aligned with student needs and the challenges posed by deficit budgets in various school districts stemming from overreliance on temporary federal funding sources.

Transcript Highlights:

• House Bill 4895 updates Texas boat titling laws to improve efficiency, reduce fraud, and improve consumer
• market, perhaps through the antique outboard motor bill that we passed, has seen an increase in title fraud

Bills: HB2385, HB3349, HB3962, HB3883, HB4396, HB4811, HB5088, HB4588, HB4867, HB4895, HB5398, HB5616

Keywords: NRA, funding, major events reimbursement, annual meetings, exhibits, events trust fund, Pan American Games, Olympic Games, motor sports racing, funding, local control, event support contract, INDYCAR, funding, major events reimbursement, Arlington, tourism, major events reimbursement, funding eligibility, sporting events

Summary: The meeting convened by Chair Metcalfe was characterized by the passage of multiple bills aimed at designating various regions in Texas for specific cultural or recreational significance, such as HCR 71 establishing LaSalle County as the Wild Hog Capital and HCR 86 naming Denton as the Halloween Capital of Texas. All bills discussed received unanimous support in the committee, signaling a cooperative atmosphere among committee members. Representative Flores brought forth House Bill 3883 which focuses on an important economic tool to spur Texas' competitive edge in hosting major events. The committee's voting process was efficient, as all motions to report the bills favorably passed without any opposition.

Transcript Highlights:

• was one that you all denied because it was discovered that one of the principals was convicted of fraud

Keywords: Public Utility Commission, Senate Bill 1929, HB2555, crypto mining, system resiliency, infrastructure standards, Permian Basin

Summary: The meeting primarily focused on the activities and initiatives of the Public Utility Commission (PUC) since the last legislative session. Key discussions included the implementation of Senate Bill 1929 regarding large crypto miners in Texas, which has led to 12 companies registering with the PUC and a projected demand of around 4,000 megawatts. Additionally, the committee addressed system resiliency plans authorized by HB2555, which allows electric utilities to file these plans to better handle extreme weather events and security threats. The meeting showcased the ongoing efforts to ensure infrastructure can meet growing demands, particularly in the rapidly expanding Permian Basin, and highlighted the need for minimum standards for utility infrastructure design, construction, and maintenance to improve resiliency against adverse conditions.

Transcript Highlights:

• who has received a judgment, order, or conviction that is in violation of a law, crime, or act of fraud

Bills: HB12, HB149, SB229, SB1361, SB1749, SB1897, SB2113, SB2566, SB2677, SB1652, SB2327, SB2344, SB2696

Keywords: artificial intelligence, regulation, biometric data, ethical AI, consumer protection, AI governance, automobile sales, consumer protection, finance, retail seller, motor vehicle purchase, motor vehicle sales, consumer protection, pricing restrictions, retail seller, third-party financing, education, funding, student assessment, accountability

Summary: In the recent meeting of the Senate Committee on Business and Commerce, multiple significant bills were discussed, with House Bill 912 and Senate Bill 1003 receiving favorable recommendations for further consideration. Senator Zaffirini played a pivotal role in moving several bills through the committee process, including Senate Bill 748, which also received support with a unanimous vote. Public testimonies were taken for various bills, notably SB 2113, which focuses on improving legislative access to information, fostering a more transparent government. The committee's discussions were marked by an emphasis on good governance and the importance of legislative oversight.

Transcript Highlights:

• span marker="259" data-time="1548"> 9 has become part of our vernacular because of Nigeria, meaning fraud

Bills: HB565, HB3743, HB4310, HB5083, HB5129, HB5195, HB5331, HB5469, SB21, HB3185

Keywords: constitutional amendment, fiscal impact, state budget, ballot measure, transparency in voting, management-to-staff ratio, state agencies, employee regulations, government efficiency, workforce management, public information, governing board, transparency, confidentiality, access rights, privacy, identifying information, state agency, consent, occupational license

Summary: The meeting of the committee was marked by discussions surrounding multiple bills, including HB3719, which concerns the public disclosure of dates of birth, and HB5196, aimed at allowing state agencies to approve telework plans for employees. The chair moved for HB3719 to be reported favorably to the full house, which passed with a vote of 10 in favor and one against. Similarly, HB5196 was favorably reported without objections. A significant focus was placed on increasing digital modernization for state agencies, as illustrated by HB5195, which aims to improve the digital accessibility and functionality of agency websites to enhance small business interactions with the state.

Transcript Highlights:

• restitution to cover the cost of tattoo removal in cases where tattoos were applied through force, fraud

Bills: SB535, SB664, SB1019, SB1020, SB1120, SB1537, SB1804, HB3207

Keywords: intoxication, assault, criminal penalty, Bodily injury, serious bodily injury, law enforcement, emergency services, public safety, juvenile justice, legal representation, House Bill 437, House Bill 507, Senate Bill 40, public testimony, legislative procedures, bail bond payments

Summary: The meeting convened to discuss various bills primarily focused on juvenile justice and legal representation standards. Notable discussions included House Bill 437, which addresses the placement of youth in detention facilities according to regulations, as explained by Representative Cook. House Bill 507, which pertains to legal representation for indigent defendants, also sparked a debate that resulted in tight voting, showcasing the divergent opinions among committee members. Additionally, Senate Bill 40 underwent a reconsideration, reflecting substantial amendments aimed at balancing non-profit and for-profit entity payments related to bail bonds, which highlighted the complexities of legislative amendments and the procedural adherence required to maintain order in discussions.

Transcript Highlights:

• You basically cannot sue these Chinese equities if they commit fraud.

Bills: HB34, HB128, HB621, HB748, HB2259, HB2960, HB3113, HB4749, SB835

Keywords: property owners' association, free speech, assembly rights, government officials, political candidates, sexual abuse, nondisclosure, confidentiality, public policy, Trey's Law, elections, scannable ballots, voting technology, paper ballots, electoral process, jury service, juror qualifications, grand jury, petit jury, legal implications

Summary: The meeting held by the committee covered multiple critical bills focusing chiefly on the implications of non-disclosure agreements (NDAs) related to child sexual abuse and the prohibition of state investments in companies tied to nations deemed as threats, such as China and Russia. Debate around HB34 emphasized the necessity of protecting Texas taxpayers and maintaining national security by avoiding investments in these adversarial nations. Additionally, House Bill 748 spurred poignant reflections and testimonies from abuse survivors aiming to combat the silencing effect of NDAs on victims. The legislators expressed a consensus on the urgency of these issues, particularly the need for Trey's Law, which aims to empower survivors and diminish the influence of NDAs that shield abusers from accountability.

Transcript Highlights:

• Particularly when you're making derogatory accusations of fraud and criminality, as Administrator Zeldin

Keywords: surface transportation, infrastructure reauthorization, bipartisan collaboration, safety, federal programs, funding challenges, bureaucracy, transportation needs, critical projects, public testimony

Summary: The committee meeting focused on the development of the next surface transportation reauthorization bill. Discussions centered around key principles aimed at improving the safety and reliability of the transportation network, reforming federal programs for efficiency, and addressing the diverse transportation needs across various states. Members emphasized the importance of bipartisan collaboration to streamline processes, eliminate bureaucratic delays, and ensure timely funding for critical infrastructure projects. There were also notable conversations about specific projects and funding challenges, reflecting the urgency for action and commitment to modernizing America's infrastructure.

Transcript Highlights:

• predictive modeling, and transparent tools to assess groundwater scarcity or prepare for natural disasters

Bills: HB1523, HB2109, HB2694, HB3525, HB3898, HB4646, HB5188, HB5219, HB5320, HB5651, HB5655, HB5659, HB5662, HB5672

Keywords: aquifer conservation, Class V injection well, environmental regulation, groundwater protection, municipal water supply, temporary prohibition, water management, reservoir construction, state water plan, Texas Water Code, environmental impact, Brazoria Drainage District, commissioners, elections, vacancies, resignation, brackish water, desalination, Texas Water Development Board, financial assistance

Summary: In this meeting, the committee engaged in extensive discussions surrounding House Bill 1523, which addresses the City of Austin's Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) project. Representative Gerdes laid out substantial concerns regarding the potential risks posed to local aquifers, as he emphasized the lack of transparency and community engagement by the City of Austin. Testimonies from members of the Lost Pines Groundwater Conservation District supported the bill, citing worries about adverse chemical reactions and the implications for groundwater as crucial reasons for opposing the project. Conversely, representatives from the City of Austin expressed the necessity of the ASR project for regional water supply planning and addressed the purported benefits it would provide.

Bills: HJR98, HJR99, HB29, HB136, HB142, HB166, HB353, HB1399, HB2000, SJR59, SCR19, SB128, SB261, SB317, SB383, SB393, SB397, SB466, SB517, SB571, SB612, SB705, SB715, SB731, SB748, SB801, SB867, SB913, SB945, SB946, SB986, SB1013, SB1071, SB1086, SB1087, SB1117, SB1181, SB1250, SB1263, SB1285, SB1444, SB1483, SB1528, SB1553, SB1556, SB1608, SB1723, SB1858, SB1946, SB1957, SB1986, SB1999, SB2043, SB2056, SB2082, SB2105, SB2133, SB2138, SB2177, SB2203, SB2221, SB2311, SB2334, SB2337, SB2340, SB2373, SB2417, SB2446, SB2452, SB2477, SB2532, SB2565, SB2587, SB2615, SB2622, SB2633, SB2637, SB2681, SB2713, SB2717, SB2781, SB2782, SB2835, SB2841, SB2857, SB2891, SB2943, SB2994, SB2995, SB3016, SB3047, SB3057, SB3059, SJR3, SB5, SB72, SB509, SB616, SB963, SB985, SB1143, SB1172, SB1267, SB1271, SB1273, SB1759, SB1786, SB2361, SB1025, SB1080, SB1245, SB1355, SB1422, SB1, SB260, SB1506, SB1637, HJR98, HJR99, HJR2, HJR1, HB1109, HB1392, HB22, HB3093, HB517, HB1130, HB142, HB1689, HB2018, HB136, HB2884, HB1393, HB2730, HB1399, HB1244, HB467, HB331, HB2559, HB29, HB26, HB166, HB353, HB2000, HB2756, HB3248, HB3513, HB3204, HB3135, HB3012, HB2763, HB2523, HB2457, HB2415, HB2198, HB2143, HB1708, HB1672, HB767, HB1327, HB2723, HB451, HB140, HB109, HB3096, HCR6, HCR12, HCR29, HCR50, HCR55, HCR56, HCR58, HCR70, HCR71, HCR74, HCR78, HCR80, HCR107, HCR116, HCR117, SJR36, SJR50, SJR63, SJR59, SCR12, SCR39, SCR48, SCR19, SB2023, SB1957, SB2615, SB2138, SB3016, SB1999, SB62, SB666, SB847, SB284, SB854, SB1073, SB810, SB1505, SB583, SB507, SB1434, SB1772, SB2016, SB1163, SB1122, SB731, SB397, SB508, SB1436, SB287, SB261, SB1882, SB393, SB1791, SB209, SB2429, SB511, SB2309, SB510, SB1085, SB1975, SB2717, SB1262, SB636, SB2056, SB884, SB517, SB1200, SB1845, SB2681, SB2458, SB801, SB3014, SB3013, SB758, SB1013, SB2797, SB2076, SB2876, SB715, SB1640, SB2538, SB1449, SB1181, SB1359, SB410, SB1234, SB2926, SB2972, SB2841, SB1856, SB1528, SB1373, SB672, SB2891, SB1854, SB317, SB2539, SB2532, SB1250, SB2082, SB2203, SB1285, SB1454, SB2520, SB1237, SB1586, SB2819, SB629, SB2342, SB2903, SB2477, SB3029, SB375, SB777, SB2367, SB2703, SB2608, SB2965, SB2521, SB2165, SB2501, SB2452, SB2835, SB1602, SB1704, SB1723, SB1858, SB1946, SB2009, SB2177, SB2460, SB2785, SB2373, SB867, SB1608, SB640, SB1698, SB383, SB705, SB748, SB1117, SB2340, SB2680, SB2994, SB2747, SB1950, SB913, SB1071, SB1086, SB1087, SB1483, SB1444, SB1553, SB1556, SB1703, SB2133, SB2297, SB2298, SB2622, SB2955, SB3059, SB2782, SB2781, SB2637, SB2633, SB2337, SB2334, SB1861, SB2043, SB1367, SB946, SB945, SB2857, SB128, SB571, SB1263, SB3058, SB612, SB2221, SB2587, SB2044, SB2363, SB2713, SB2311, SB1986, SB2565, SB2943, SB1888, SB2417, SB3048, SB3052, SB3053, SB3036, SB3057, SB3056, SB3043, SB3037, SB3050, SB3063, SB3047, SB3035, SB2446, SB466, SB2611, SB2794, SB2105, SB2017, SB1790, SB1778, SB1730, SB2995, SB2847, SB205, SB2619, SB1903, SB203, SB3061, SB1581, SB2600, SB2799, SB2790, SB2688, SB2515, SB1230, SB876, SB2522, SB2639, SB2137, SB2519, SB2403, SB2459, SB3051, SB2655, SB2251, SB2764, SB2878, SB1884, SB111, SB582, SB2617, SB1835, SB2751, SB2959, HB206, HB1238, HB1089, HB2890, HB9, HB2081, HB4215, HB2970, SB2063, SB1400, SB2058, SB2260, SB2928, SB1310

Keywords: Article V, federal government, fiscal restraints, constitutional amendment, term limits, animal feed, tax exemption, ad valorem taxation, retail, constitutional amendment, Medicaid, lactation, healthcare, consultation, reimbursement, maternal health, infant care, child endangerment, controlled substances, penalty group

Summary: The committee meeting covered several significant bills, notably SB612, SB517, and SB2587. SB612 saw discussions around extending cost-based protections to developers, and it was moved to engrossment and eventually passed unanimously. The bill emphasizes limiting the fees imposed by water districts on developers, ensuring that they are reasonable and reflective of actual costs. Meanwhile, SB517 focused on gambling regulations, particularly addressing issues surrounding illegal electronic gambling devices, and passed with strong support. Additionally, SB2587 aimed at clarifying eligibility for national background checks in state employment, which was also passed after minimal objections.

Transcript Highlights:

• makes several one-time investments to support legislative priorities including water infrastructure, disaster

Bills: SB1, HB500

Keywords: appropriations, budget, state funding, education, healthcare, infrastructure, appropriations, state budget, mental health funding, education funding, infrastructure improvements, public safety, SB1, HB500, budget, funding, public safety, education, wage increases, crime victim services

Summary: The meeting focused on reviewing the committee substitutes for SB1 and HB500, which are pivotal for the upcoming budget session. A significant point of discussion was the historic funding initiated under SB1, which dedicates approximately $4.1 billion to raise wages for personal attendants, improving services for vulnerable populations in Texas. Additionally, $78 million was allocated for crime victim services and infrastructure support within various counties. Representative Orr presented a robust overview of budget highlights, which received considerable backing from committee members emphasizing the importance of support for public safety and education.

Transcript Highlights:

• span marker="568" data-time="3402">And Senator Flores, to your point about them being first in a disaster

Bills: SJR1, SB9, SB40, SJR36, SJR1, SJR5, SB9, SB40

Keywords: bail denial, illegal aliens, felony offenses, constitutional amendment, law enforcement, bail reform, defendants, pretrial detention, public safety, criminal justice, charitable bail organizations, bail bonds, public funds, political subdivision, injunctive relief, taxpayer rights, bail denial, illegal aliens, felony offenses, constitutional amendment

Summary: During the latest committee meeting, a range of resolutions and bills were introduced and discussed, including significant recognitions for various organizations and communities. Notably, several resolutions were adopted to honor Alabama Coushatta Tribe of Texas Day and to recognize key contributions from the manufacturing sector in Texas. Senators shared personal anecdotes and expressed gratitude towards the tireless efforts of Texas game wardens who play a critical role in community safety and environmental conservation.

Transcript Highlights:

• many of them are doing in cooperation with health care providers is disrespectful to juries and a fraud
• When I say it's fraud, it is made-up medical damages for the purpose of inflating damages at trial.

Bills: SB30, SB517, SB1313, SB1314, SB1316, SB1541, SB1698, SB1845, SB1860, SB2420, SB2429

Keywords: gambling, criminal offenses, penalties, defense, electronic devices, tobacco advertising, youth protection, public health, criminal offense, retailer regulation, e-cigarettes, nicotine products, health, public safety, regulation, e-cigarettes, advertising restrictions, public health, youth protection, health and safety

Summary: The meeting of the Senate Committee on State Affairs featured intense discussions centered around the regulation of tobacco and e-cigarette products, with a particular focus on protecting minors from harmful marketing practices. Senators presented various bills addressing the marketing of these products, which included SB1313, SB1314, and SB1316. Senator Cook laid out SB1313, aimed at prohibiting deceptive marketing techniques that entice minors, alongside testimony from concerned parents advocating for stronger regulations against smoke shops near schools. The committee also examined the App Store Accountability Act, led by Senator Paxson, which aims to ensure age verification for app downloads and hold app stores accountable for protecting minors online. Public testimony played a crucial role in the discussion, with parents and experts weighing in on the necessity of stringent regulations to safeguard youth from exploitation by marketers of addictive products.

Transcript Highlights:

• A&M professor, Zhendong Chang, for instance, was charged with wire fraud for working with China while

Bills: HB173, HB184, HB484, HB678, HB1211, HB1507, HB1705, HB1868, HB2290, HB2851, HB2856, HB3041, HB3204

Keywords: foreign donations, higher education, public institutions, national security, funding, higher education, foreign donations, prohibition, national security, Texas law, healthcare, insurance, affordability, access, public health, higher education, foreign donations, national security, foreign influence, education policy

Summary: The committee meeting largely centered around three significant bills: HB3204, HB173, and HB1507. HB3204 aims to address the workforce skills gap in Texas by modernizing vocational training and establishing what is now referred to as the Polytechnic College. Representative Metcalfe emphasized the need for relevant workforce training programs aligned with today's job market, which led to discussions about the new certificate programs that will be introduced. Additionally, public institutions will benefit from enhanced support for those who may not meet traditional entrance requirements.

Transcript Highlights:

• passed the CREEPER Act, which was adequately described as curbing realistic, exploitative electoral fraud

Bills: HB207, HB235, HB324, HB449, HB463, HB502, HB1121, HB1445, HB1465, HB1778, HB1977, HB2000, HB2066, HB2596

Keywords: child protection, sexual offenses, obscenity laws, visual material, anatomically correct dolls, mannequins, robots, criminal offenses, sexually explicit material, anatomically correct dolls, minors, artificial intelligence, sexually explicit, child protection, visual material, artificial intelligence, doll, mannequin, robot, law enforcement

Summary: The committee meeting focused on a range of bills addressing important topics such as artificial intelligence and sexual exploitation laws. Notably, House Bill 235, which aims to add civil and criminal liability for the use of AI-generated deepfake materials, garnered discussion from multiple members and witnesses, including Adrian Shelley from Public Citizen who expressed support for the bill. Concerns about ensuring the legislation's clarity and enforcement were raised. Additionally, House Bill 207 was presented, which seeks to expand definitions within sexual offense laws to include representations involving anatomically correct dolls, eliciting varied perspectives from representatives during the debate.