Video & Transcript DataContr Research : 'Type A'
Page 1 of 61
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- including Home Rule, Special Law, and Type A, B, and C general law municipalities.
- These municipalities are usually referred to as Type A, B, or
Complying with the obligations of a Type A city, including
- Type A cities are required to elect a mayor and five aldermen
- limited to Type A cities.
Keywords:
municipality, local government, Type A, Type B, Type C, change authority, ad valorem taxes, split payment, property taxes, tax regulations, payment options, healthcare funding, Medicaid, county program, mandatory payments, provider participation, health care, Medicaid, county participation, mandatory payments
Summary:
The meeting of the legislative committee was focused on the discussion and voting of several bills, including HB303, HB2740, HB2742, and HB4753. Each bill presented drew attention from various committee members, with detailed debates surrounding their implications and utility. For instance, HB4753, which addresses issues arising from lost certificates of occupancy, prompted a discussion on the difficulties faced by property owners in different municipalities struggling to comply with documentation requirements. In general, the committee expressed support for the bills, as many passed with unanimous votes.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Intergovernmental Affairs Apr 1st, 2025 at 08:00 am
House Intergovernmental Affairs Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- Not, but not bad, not enough to affect a type of a general
- It's a two-and-a-half-page consumer disclosure.
- You go and look at a house on a retail lot.
- a car, right, or a truck.
- It enables a city or county to create and fund a...
Keywords:
municipality, local government, Type A, Type B, Type C, change authority, emergency medical services, civil service status, municipal government, public safety, local government code, school funding, education, state budget, local control, equity, tenant legal services, eviction, low-income tenants, disability rights
Summary:
HB2464, presented by Representative Heffner, seeks to reduce unnecessary local regulations on home-based businesses, supporting Texans' abilities to operate no-impact businesses from their residences. The discussions highlighted the balance between enabling entrepreneurship and ensuring community standards are upheld, along with concerns regarding potential impacts on existing zoning laws. The meeting concluded with a call for more clarification and a focus on ensuring the bill protects local interests while promoting small business growth.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- for type A and B cities to incorporate as type C cities.
- to reclassify their government as a type C city as needed
- House Bill 303, relating to the authority of a type A or type B law municipality to change to a type
- House Bill 303, relating to the authority of a type A or type B general law municipality to change to
- a type C general law municipality.
Bills:
SB128, SB203, SB317, SB393, SB397, SB731, SB781, SB801, SB867, SB1071, SB1086, SB1087, SB1232, SB1262, SB1444, SB1483, SB1782, SB1798, SB1861, SB1897, SB1944, SB2023, SB2082, SB2215, SB2309, SB2497, SB2549, SB2566, SB2603, SB2607, SB2617, SB2688, SB2797, SB2799, SB2841, SB2891, SB2919, SB2928, SB2969, SB2994, SB3070, HB11, HB12, HB26, HB33, HB34, HB45, HB48, HB130, HB148, HB198, HB210, HB303, HB647, HB668, HB677, HB762, HB791, HB1022, HB1041, HB1188, HB1240, HB1242, HB1261, HB1318, HB1397, HB1465, HB1520, HB1535, HB1729, HB1778, HB1950, HB2003, HB2027, HB2029, HB2559, HB2596, HB2607, HB2692, HB2712, HB2742, HB2768, HB2775, HB2788, HB2802, HB2894, HB3474, HB3594, HB3611, HB3698, HB3699, HB3700, HB4187, HB4753, HB4804, HB4850, HB4885, HB5061, HB5238, HB5560, HCR90, SJR34, SB529, SB541, SB693, SB963, SB1173, SB1646, SB1734, SB1833, SB1968, SB2544, SB1, SB17, SB260, SB509, SB1506, SB1637, SB2308, SJR36, SJR50, SJR63, SCR12, SCR39, SB2023, SB128, SB2309, SB1861, SB2617, SB62, SB666, SB847, SB284, SB854, SB810, SB1505, SB583, SB507, SB1434, SB1772, SB2016, SB1122, SB731, SB397, SB508, SB1436, SB287, SB1882, SB393, SB1791, SB209, SB2429, SB511, SB1085, SB1975, SB2717, SB1262, SB636, SB2056, SB884, SB1200, SB1845, SB2458, SB801, SB3014, SB3013, SB758, SB2797, SB2076, SB2876, SB1640, SB1449, SB1181, SB1234, SB2926, SB2841, SB1528, SB2891, SB1854, SB317, SB1250, SB2082, SB1237, SB2819, SB629, SB2608, SB1602, SB2009, SB867, SB640, SB1698, SB2680, SB913, SB1071, SB1086, SB1087, SB1483, SB1444, SB1553, SB1556, SB1703, SB2133, SB2297, SB2298, SB2622, SB2955, SB2334, SB1367, SB2044, SB2363, SB2565, SB1888, SB3036, SB3057, SB3043, SB3063, SB3035, SB203, SB2799, SB2688, SB2522, SB2459, SB2655, SB2251, SB1884, SB2928, SB2566, SB1749, SB2549, SB2553, SB2919, SB1782, SB1944, SB1232, SB2969, SB2497, SB1798, SB2603, SB2607, SB781, SB524, SB2233, SB2683, HB1393, HB2559, HB26, HB2607, HB3810, HB388, HB12, HB2712, HB2692, HB1633, HB1318, HB685, HB4753, HB2742, HB303, HB198, HB1535, HB762, HB148, HB1520, HB5061, HB2286, HB1606, HB1041, HB132, HB11, HB45, HB48, HB1261, HB1465, HB1778, HB2596, HB5238, HB33, HB1188, HB210, HB1022, HB1458, HB5560, HB1240, HB1950, HB2027, HB2768, HB2788, HB2791, HB3146, HB3698, HB3699, HB1893, HB3700, HB4850, HB4187, HB1397, HB4885, HB4804, HB3751, HB3611, HB2775, HB2061, HB2003, HB1729, HB1242, HB791, HB2029, HB647, HB2522, HB4738, HB3033, HB3594, HB3474, HB2563, HB2802, HB34, HB128, HB130, HB581, HB668, HB677, HB766, HB2259, HB2960, HB2358, HB2894, HB4384, HB2663, HB748, HB793, HB1193, HB1734, HB2340, HB2350, HB3104, HB5180, HB4739, HB1584, HB4344, HB4238, HB4219, HB3806, HB3805, HB3804, HB3803, HB3229, HB3228, HB1922, HB1522, HB431, HB3597, HB1612, HB4224, HB754, HB1314, HB2254, HB2789, HB3560, HB4643, HB1237, HCR90, HCR98, SJR60, SB1319, SB1978, SB3038, SB3045, SB1633, HB3126, HB2856, HB3114, HB3041, HB3505, HB4205, HB5652, HB3687, HB5424, HB4506, HB3370, HB2025, HB4273
Keywords:
hospital reporting, child abuse, neglect, administrative penalty, medical ethics, child protection, student privacy, numerical class rank, education policy, academic programs, high school, monuments, memorials, public property, historical significance, civil penalties, local governance, law enforcement, employee records, confidentiality
Summary:
The meeting involved extensive discussions on several key legislative bills, notably HB1188 and HB1535, both aimed at enhancing support systems for vulnerable populations. HB1188, known as the Caitlin Handley Act, mandates school districts to provide information about local intellectual and developmental disability services to parents of special education students. It passed without objections and was recognized for its potential to improve awareness and access to critical resources. Similarly, HB1535 focused on governance improvements for the Trinity River Authority, emphasizing transparency and accountability in its operations. The bill received strong support and moved forward smoothly through the legislative process.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- She is a living legend, a historic figure.
- tax rates and the procedure for adoption of a tax rate by a taxing unit.
- Although this seems like a long amendment, it's a very simple amendment.
- , "Well, I'll take a restaurant but not a car dealer."
- they had a wallet and a big checkbook that they could write to get an NDA.
Bills:
HB11, HB12, HB21, HB26, HB30, HB33, HB37, HB45, HB210, HB303, HB630, HB879, HB1041, HB1188, HB1261, HB1318, HB1465, HB1535, HB1593, HB1778, HB2559, HB2596, HB2692, HB2703, HB2712, HB2742, HB2809, HB2890, HB3012, HB3526, HB5061, HB5092, HB5238, HCR92, SB203, SB317, SB393, SB397, SB644, SB731, SB801, SB867, SB913, SB1071, SB1073, SB1086, SB1087, SB1250, SB1310, SB1359, SB1444, SB1483, SB1705, SB1782, SB1861, SB1897, SB1944, SB2023, SB2043, SB2082, SB2133, SB2215, SB2309, SB2497, SB2532, SB2549, SB2566, SB2617, SB2639, SB2696, SB2717, SB2747, SB2751, SB2790, SB2797, SB2799, SB2841, SB2850, SB2857, SB2891, SB2919, SB2928, SB2994, SB3051, SJR34, SB529, SB541, SB693, SB963, SB1968, SB2308, SB2544, SB1173, SB1646, SB1734, SB1833, SB1, SB17, SB260, SB509, SB1506, SB1637, HB1393, HB2559, HB26, HB3012, HB1593, HB2607, HB3526, HB3810, HB388, HB879, HB12, HB2703, HB30, HB2712, HB2692, HB1633, HB1318, HB685, HB630, HB4753, HB2742, HB303, HB198, HB1535, HB762, HB148, HB1520, HB5061, HB2286, HB1606, HB1041, HB132, HB11, HB45, HB48, HB1261, HB1465, HB1778, HB2596, HB5238, HB33, HB1188, HB210, HB1022, HB1458, HB5560, HB1240, HB1950, HB2027, HB2768, HB2788, HB2791, HB3146, HB3698, HB3699, HB1893, HB3700, HB4850, HB4187, HB1397, HB4885, HB4804, HB3751, HB3611, HB2775, HB2061, HB2003, HB1729, HB1242, HB791, HB2029, HB647, HB2522, HB4738, HB3033, HB3594, HB3474, HB2563, HB2802, HCR90, SJR36, SJR50, SJR63, SCR12, SCR39, SB2023, SB128, SB2043, SB62, SB666, SB847, SB284, SB854, SB810, SB1505, SB583, SB507, SB1434, SB1772, SB2016, SB1122, SB731, SB397, SB508, SB1436, SB287, SB1882, SB393, SB1791, SB209, SB2429, SB511, SB2309, SB1085, SB1975, SB2717, SB1262, SB636, SB2056, SB884, SB1200, SB1845, SB2458, SB801, SB3014, SB3013, SB758, SB2797, SB2076, SB2876, SB1640, SB1449, SB1181, SB1234, SB2926, SB2841, SB1528, SB2891, SB1854, SB317, SB1250, SB2082, SB1237, SB2819, SB629, SB2608, SB1602, SB2009, SB867, SB640, SB1698, SB2680, SB2994, SB913, SB1071, SB1086, SB1087, SB1483, SB1444, SB1553, SB1556, SB1703, SB2133, SB2297, SB2298, SB2622, SB2955, SB2334, SB1861, SB1367, SB2044, SB2363, SB2565, SB1888, SB3036, SB3057, SB3043, SB3063, SB3035, SB203, SB2799, SB2688, SB2522, SB2639, SB2459, SB2655, SB2251, SB1884, SB2617, SB2928, SB2566, SB1897, SB1749, SB2549, SB2553, SB2919, SB1782, SB1705, SB2696, SB1944, SB2215, SB1232, SB2850, SB2969, SB2497, SB1798, SB2603, SB2607, SB781, HB34, HB128, HB130, HB581, HB668, HB677, HB766, HB2259, HB2960, HB2358, HB2894, HB4384, HB2663, HB748, HB793, HB1193, HB1734, HB2340, HB2350, HB3104, HB5180, HB4739, HB1584, HB4344, HB4238, HB4219, HB3806, HB3805, HB3804, HB3803, HB3229, HB3228, HB1922, HB1522, HB431, HB3597, HB1612, HB4224, HB754, HB1314, HB2254, HB2789, HB3560, HB4643, HB1237, HCR98, SB3070, SB835, SB524, SB2233, SB2683
Keywords:
licensing, reciprocity, regulation, Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation, interstate agreements, housing finance, multifamily residential, low income, tax exemption, audit requirements, affordable housing, local government, development bonds, Medicaid, nutrition support, maternal health, chronic conditions, pilot program, disaster relief, tax rates
Summary:
During the committee meeting, several bills were thoroughly discussed, leading to key legislative advancements. Notably, HB30, which relates to property tax calculations during disasters, received final passage after amendments were proposed and debated, highlighting the ongoing concern over the management of tax rates amid emergency situations. Senators expressed the importance of fiscal responsibility while also addressing the need for appropriate tax relief for affected areas. Additionally, SB835, concerning confidentiality provisions related to acts of sexual abuse, was passed unanimously, demonstrating a strong bipartisan commitment to supporting victims and ensuring their rights to speak out without fear of retribution.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- A violation of section 466.254 will be a Class A misdemeanor.
- A violation of section 466.255 will be a Class B misdemeanor, and this is a new section that prohibits
- more than a hundred lottery tickets in a single transaction.
- And in a violation of 466.318, A1 will be a Class A misdemeanor
- I hope for just a moment.
Bills:
HB11, HB12, HB21, HB26, HB30, HB33, HB37, HB45, HB210, HB303, HB630, HB879, HB1041, HB1188, HB1261, HB1318, HB1465, HB1535, HB1593, HB1778, HB2559, HB2596, HB2692, HB2703, HB2712, HB2742, HB2809, HB2890, HB3012, HB3526, HB5061, HB5092, HB5238, HCR92, SB203, SB317, SB393, SB397, SB644, SB731, SB801, SB867, SB913, SB1071, SB1073, SB1086, SB1087, SB1250, SB1310, SB1359, SB1444, SB1483, SB1705, SB1782, SB1861, SB1897, SB1944, SB2023, SB2043, SB2082, SB2133, SB2215, SB2309, SB2497, SB2532, SB2549, SB2566, SB2617, SB2639, SB2696, SB2717, SB2747, SB2751, SB2790, SB2797, SB2799, SB2841, SB2850, SB2857, SB2891, SB2919, SB2928, SB2994, SB3051, SJR34, SB529, SB541, SB693, SB963, SB1968, SB2308, SB2544, SB1173, SB1646, SB1734, SB1833, SB1, SB17, SB260, SB509, SB1506, SB1637, HB1393, HB2559, HB26, HB3012, HB1593, HB2607, HB3526, HB3810, HB388, HB879, HB12, HB2703, HB30, HB2712, HB2692, HB1633, HB1318, HB685, HB630, HB4753, HB2742, HB303, HB198, HB1535, HB762, HB148, HB1520, HB5061, HB2286, HB1606, HB1041, HB132, HB11, HB45, HB48, HB1261, HB1465, HB1778, HB2596, HB5238, HB33, HB1188, HB210, HB1022, HB1458, HB5560, HB1240, HB1950, HB2027, HB2768, HB2788, HB2791, HB3146, HB3698, HB3699, HB1893, HB3700, HB4850, HB4187, HB1397, HB4885, HB4804, HB3751, HB3611, HB2775, HB2061, HB2003, HB1729, HB1242, HB791, HB2029, HB647, HB2522, HB4738, HB3033, HB3594, HB3474, HB2563, HB2802, HCR90, SJR36, SJR50, SJR63, SCR12, SCR39, SB2023, SB128, SB2043, SB62, SB666, SB847, SB284, SB854, SB810, SB1505, SB583, SB507, SB1434, SB1772, SB2016, SB1122, SB731, SB397, SB508, SB1436, SB287, SB1882, SB393, SB1791, SB209, SB2429, SB511, SB2309, SB1085, SB1975, SB2717, SB1262, SB636, SB2056, SB884, SB1200, SB1845, SB2458, SB801, SB3014, SB3013, SB758, SB2797, SB2076, SB2876, SB1640, SB1449, SB1181, SB1234, SB2926, SB2841, SB1528, SB2891, SB1854, SB317, SB1250, SB2082, SB1237, SB2819, SB629, SB2608, SB1602, SB2009, SB867, SB640, SB1698, SB2680, SB2994, SB913, SB1071, SB1086, SB1087, SB1483, SB1444, SB1553, SB1556, SB1703, SB2133, SB2297, SB2298, SB2622, SB2955, SB2334, SB1861, SB1367, SB2044, SB2363, SB2565, SB1888, SB3036, SB3057, SB3043, SB3063, SB3035, SB203, SB2799, SB2688, SB2522, SB2639, SB2459, SB2655, SB2251, SB1884, SB2617, SB2928, SB2566, SB1897, SB1749, SB2549, SB2553, SB2919, SB1782, SB1705, SB2696, SB1944, SB2215, SB1232, SB2850, SB2969, SB2497, SB1798, SB2603, SB2607, SB781, HB34, HB128, HB130, HB581, HB668, HB677, HB766, HB2259, HB2960, HB2358, HB2894, HB4384, HB2663, HB748, HB793, HB1193, HB1734, HB2340, HB2350, HB3104, HB5180, HB4739, HB1584, HB4344, HB4238, HB4219, HB3806, HB3805, HB3804, HB3803, HB3229, HB3228, HB1922, HB1522, HB431, HB3597, HB1612, HB4224, HB754, HB1314, HB2254, HB2789, HB3560, HB4643, HB1237, HCR98, SB3070, SB835, SB524, SB2233, SB2683
Keywords:
licensing, reciprocity, regulation, Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation, interstate agreements, housing finance, multifamily residential, low income, tax exemption, audit requirements, affordable housing, local government, development bonds, Medicaid, nutrition support, maternal health, chronic conditions, pilot program, disaster relief, tax rates
Summary:
In this committee meeting, significant legislative activities were undertaken, notably involving the discussion and passage of various bills. The most highlighted was SB2994, which focuses on energy efficiency goals and public participation in energy markets. Senator Johnson presented amendments to ensure the program's sustainability under variable market conditions, which garnered bipartisan support and passed with a majority. Additionally, SB2617 aimed at preserving historical references in education, which sparked discussions around curriculum integrity and the importance of traditional date formats in teaching methodology, highlighting community concerns regarding educational content changes. The meeting was well-managed, allowing for thorough examination of each bill amidst a respectful exchange of perspectives from both supporters and dissenters.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
89th Legislative Session Apr 29th, 2025 at 10:04 am
Texas House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- You would agree with me that this type of hatred, this type of conduct, isn't something that a child
- it with this bill, I think, in a way that should preclude the type of actions that Mr.
- HB303 by Berman relates to the authority of a Type A or
- Type B general law municipality to convert to a Type C general law municipality.
- A or Type C.
Bills:
HB1500, HJR7, HJR112, HB34, HB133, HB112, HB119, HB128, HB130, HB132, HB2756, HB166, HB406, HB186, HB271, HB331, HB380, HB1583, HB1584, HB1819, HB621, HB303, HB552, HB366, HB463, HB1211, HB1327, HB1461, HB923, HB1760, HB2043, HB2467, HB5333, HB5265, HB1592, HB1576, HB1552, HB2018, HB3511, HB1781, HB2013, HB2340, HB2349, HB2508, HB2970, HB2520, HB865, HB2851, HB3385, HB3336, HB3529, HB3309, HB1127, HB1232, HB1397, HB4236, HB1804, HB1926, HB4041, HB1965, HB1964, HB2679, HB2730, HB3698, HB3699, HCR77, HB3354, HB163, HB201, HB272, HB333, HB405, HB519, HB569, HB654, HB694, HB791, HB1006, HB1136, HB1240, HB1266, HB1275, HB1437, HB1532, HB1675, HB1842, HB1868, HB1888, HB1894, HB1943, HB1990, HB2029, HB2061, HB2286, HB2523, HB2622, HB2626, HB2652, HB2692, HB2842, HB2885, HB2914, HB3016, HB3096, HB3129, HB3248, HB3251, HB3255, HB3479, HB3611, HB3623, HB3701, HB3724, HB3803, HB3804, HB3805, HB3806, HB3810, HB3816, HB3832, HB3887, HB4127, HB4129, HB4130, HB4131, HB4163, HB4187, HB4229, HB4238, HB4454, HB4588, HB4643, HB4736, HB4738, HB4739, HB4945, HB5015, HB5616, SB767, SB1619, SB1738, HJR5, HJR2, HB1399, HB388, HB114, HB205, HB2789, HB2791, HB499, HB2960, HB3163, HB3135, HB2427, HB1672, HB1722, HB2618, HB879, HB1126, HB4134, HB3513, HB1445, HB1893, HB1734, HB3229, HB3306, HB1276, HB3516, HB4145, HB1585, HB4810, HB2558, HB2742, HB1695, HB33, HB144, HB109, HB103, HB148, HB3809, HB2217, HB220, HB2421, HB2363, HB421, HB2455, HB3711, HB2559, HB2775, HB3126, HB3666, HB3595, HB3260, HB3376, HB3826, HB3770, HB1831, HB2614, HB3113, HB322, HB431, HB869, HB1203, HB1244, HB1875, HB1950, HB2152, HB2341, HB2809, HB2856, HB3012, SB1415, SB1058, SB487, SB1499, SB513, SB1697, SB1197, SB1437, SB1809, SB836, SB1879, SB1145, SB963, SB1038, SB1147, SB914, SB711, SB1409, HB3707, HB589, HB1360, HB2337, HB2391, HB718, HB23, HB2436, HB1500, HJR7, HJR112, HB34, HB133, HB112, HB119, HB128, HB130, HB132, HB2756, HB166, HB406, HB186, HB271, HB331, HB380, HB1583, HB1584, HB1819, HB621, HB303, HB552, HB366, HB463, HB1211, HB1327, HB1461, HB923, HB1760, HB2043, HB2467, HB5333, HB5265, HB1592, HB1576, HB1552, HB2018, HB3511, HB1781, HB2013, HB2340, HB2349, HB2508, HB2970, HB2520, HB865, HB2851, HB3385, HB3336, HB3529, HB3309, HB1127, HB1232, HB1397, HB4236, HB1804, HB1926, HB4041, HB1965, HB1964, HB2679, HB2730, HB3698, HB3699, HB3354, HB163, HB201, HB272, HB333, HB405, HB519, HB569, HB654, HB694, HB791, HB1006, HB1136, HB1240, HB1266, HB1275, HB1437, HB1532, HB1675, HB1842, HB1868, HB1888, HB1894, HB1943, HB1990, HB2029, HB2061, HB2286, HB2523, HB2622, HB2626, HB2652, HB2692, HB2842, HB2885, HB2914, HB3016, HB3096, HB3129, HB3248, HB3251, HB3255, HB3479, HB3611, HB3623, HB3701, HB3724, HB3803, HB3804, HB3805, HB3806, HB3810, HB3816, HB3832, HB3887, HB4127, HB4129, HB4130, HB4131, HB4163, HB4187, HB4229, HB4238, HB4454, HB4588, HB4643, HB4736, HB4738, HB4739, HB4945, HB5015, HB5616, SB767, SB1619, SB1738, HCR77
Keywords:
Information Resources, Department governance, cybersecurity, state assistance, procurement training, technology resources, advisory committees, water fund, Texas water supply, constitutional amendment, state revenue, infrastructure, parental rights, child upbringing, government interference, constitutional amendment, Texas legislation, science park district, economic development, technology innovation
Summary:
The meeting was a session of significant legislative action where several bills were discussed, debated, and passed swiftly. Key topics included public safety, environmental regulations, and economic development initiatives. House Bill 3309 focused on enhancing safety measures in work zones, which received bipartisan support, highlighting the importance of worker and driver safety. Similarly, House Bill 1127 aimed at protecting women's rights to breastfeed in public spaces, demonstrating compassion and addressing social justice concerns. The chamber was active, with representatives vocal about the intended impacts of these legislations.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
89th Legislative Session Apr 30th, 2025 at 10:04 am
Texas House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- a criminal who carries a firearm to facilitate a criminal offense.
HB 303 by Pursuit relates to the authority of a type
- A or type B general law municipality to change to a type C general law municipality.
- type, a sub-category of...
- A wife, a mother, a child of God, a family member of other people.
Bills:
HB24, HB45, HB15, HB35, HB38, HB47, HB318, HB349, HB554, HB1359, HB1373, HB1647, HB2254, HB2259, HB2853, HB3073, HB3088, HB353, HB355, HB786, HB762, HB705, HB932, HB849, HB1160, HB1119, HB1612, HB3041, HB713, HB3104, HB3970, HB3962, HB5061, HB4042, HB4115, HB4490, HB1731, HB1705, HB2607, HB3556, HB138, HB3689, HB1788, HB1887, HB1914, HB2402, HB2306, HB1809, HB2350, HB3000, HB3237, HB3326, HB3211, HB1056, HB2081, HB2187, HB3092, HB3308, HB3526, HB3750, HB3527, HB4219, HB4230, HB4290, HB5238, HB4804, HB4749, HCR6, HCR12, HCR34, HCR50, HCR55, HCR58, HCR70, HCR71, HCR72, HCR74, HCR75, HCR78, HCR80, HCR93, HCR100, HCR107, HCR116, HCR117, HCR90, SB1806, SB783, SB1271, SB326, SB1637, SB769, SB897, SB1035, SB1706, SB1185, SB1194, SB384, SB1426, SB1468, SB1215, SB1066, SB599, SB1930, SB2065, SB767, SB1619, SB1738, HB1500, HB718, HB23, HB34, HB119, HB128, HB130, HB132, HB2756, HB166, HB406, HB186, HB331, HB380, HB1583, HB1584, HB621, HB303, HB552, HB366, HB463, HB1211, HB1327, HB1461, HB923, HB1760, HB2467, HB5333, HB1592, HB1576, HB1552, HB2018, HB3511, HB1781, HB2013, HB2340, HB2508, HB2970, HB865, HB2851, HB3385, HB3336, HB3309, HB1127, HB1232, HB1397, HB4236, HB4041, HB1965, HB2730, HB3698, HB3699, HB163, HB201, HB272, HB405, HB519, HB654, HB694, HB791, HB1136, HB1240, HB1266, HB1275, HB1437, HB1532, HB1675, HB1842, HB1868, HB1894, HB1943, HB1990, HB2029, HB2061, HB2286, HB2523, HB2622, HB2652, HB2692, HB2842, HB2885, HB3016, HB3096, HB3248, HB3255, HB3479, HB3611, HB3623, HB3803, HB3804, HB3805, HB3806, HB3810, HB3816, HB4129, HB4163, HB4187, HB4238, HB4454, HB4588, HB4643, HB4738, HB4739, HB4945, HB5015, HB5616, HB1749, HB1775, HB118, HB1762, HB2520, HB24, HB45, HB15, HB35, HB38, HB47, HB318, HB349, HB554, HB1359, HB1373, HB1647, HB2254, HB2259, HB2853, HB3073, HB3088, HB353, HB355, HB786, HB762, HB705, HB932, HB849, HB1160, HB1119, HB1612, HB3041, HB713, HB3104, HB3970, HB3962, HB5061, HB4042, HB4115, HB4490, HB1731, HB1705, HB2607, HB3556, HB138, HB3689, HB1788, HB1887, HB1914, HB2402, HB2306, HB1809, HB2350, HB3000, HB3237, HB3326, HB3211, HB1056, HB2081, HB2187, HB3092, HB3308, HB3526, HB3750, HB3527, HB4219, HB4230, HB4290, HB5238, HB4804, HB4749, HCR6, HCR12, HCR34, HCR50, HCR55, HCR58, HCR70, HCR71, HCR72, HCR74, HCR75, HCR78, HCR80, HCR93, HCR100, HCR107, HCR116, HCR117, HCR90
Keywords:
zoning, public notice, local government, residential development, protests, peer support, first responders, mental health, confidentiality, emergency services, information network, health services, client referral, data privacy, disaster preparedness, accreditation, community services, sexual assault, victim rights, forensic examination
Summary:
The meeting included significant discussions surrounding various house and senate bills, particularly focusing on issues of public safety, mental health, and education. Of note, House Bill 1788 was passed, aimed at enhancing the continuing education of barbers and cosmetologists to help identify and assist victims of sexual assault and domestic violence. The bill was led by Ms. Hernandez and received unanimous support, showcasing the committee's commitment to addressing such crucial societal issues. Additionally, House Bill 932, proposed by Mr. Wally, was also successfully passed, which creates an interstate compact for occupational therapists, facilitating smoother transitions for military families. This demonstrates the committee's effort to support both public health professionals and service members as they relocate.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Agriculture & Livestock Mar 18th, 2025 at 02:00 pm
House Agriculture & Livestock Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- on how we've been able to structure and create the type of testing and protocol that a state requires
- I was laying out a bill in public education that took a lot longer than it needed to.
- We don't know if we're facing a new pathogen or if there's a new emerging threat.
- It's a pretty nasty hornet.
- It's a challenge for us because we have to kill a bug on top of taking care of the bees.
Keywords:
hemp, agriculture, research permit, cannabis regulation, criminal offense, administrative penalty, hemp regulation, Texas agriculture, hemp research permit, administrative penalties, cannabis standards, hemp regulation, agriculture, research permit, criminal offense, administrative penalty, hemp, agriculture, research, regulation
Summary:
The Committee on Agriculture and Livestock convened to address several pressing bills concerning agriculture, food systems, and hemp regulation in Texas. Notable discussions revolved around HB1113, which focuses on the production and regulation of hemp, ensuring alignment with federal regulations. Testimonies from various stakeholders, including representatives from the Texas Hemp Coalition, indicated broad support for the bill, citing its potential to enhance agricultural practices and promote research. Additionally, members expressed concerns regarding the implications of food insecurity, advocating for HB1203, aimed at establishing an Office of Food Systems Security and Resiliency to address access to nutritious foods across Texas.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Needs to have a partial open records type of implementation
- This particular student was at a placement in a school, and she was a white student, a bright student
- I speak as a professor, a faculty senator, and a citizen of Texas.
- I'm a playwright, not a lawyer, but I'll try.
- I'm also a resident of Texas and a proud father of a one-year-old.
Keywords:
higher education, curriculum review, governing board, faculty council, ombudsman, higher education, faculty governance, decision-making, transparency, public meetings, higher education, governing board, department head, employment approval, public institutions, higher education, governing board, department head, employment approval, institutional oversight
Summary:
The meeting convened with significant discussions centered around higher education legislation in Texas, particularly focusing on research security and curriculum governance. Senator Brian Hughes introduced SB1273, which aims to establish a Higher Education Research Security Council to bolster security practices against potential espionage while promoting collaboration among Texas Tier 1 research institutions. Witness testimony included insights from Dr. Kevin Gamache of Texas A&M University, who underscored the importance of safeguarding academic resources to maintain Texas’s leadership in research. The committee unanimously adopted a substitute for the bill which elevated its scope to include private institutions as well, reflecting a broader approach to research security.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Senate Committee on Education K-16 Apr 3rd, 2025 at 09:00 am
Senate Education K-16 Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- As a result, the university will be renamed Texas A&M University-Victoria.
- It's also a very good placed area for A&M because, if you go back to A&M, it's agricultural and mechanical
- to develop a template for a return-to-class plan that schools may use.
- It states that if a citation is issued or a complaint is filed against a student, the officer or school
- This is a tremendous success, and it's also a starting point.
Bills:
SB530, SB757, SB769, SB1085, SB1241, SB1242, SB1409, SB1878, SB2138, SB2314, SB2231, SB2361, SB2431, SJR59
Keywords:
accreditation, postsecondary education, Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board, baccalaureate degrees, junior colleges, program delivery, faculty recruitment, higher education, performance standards, student loan debt, degree programs, funding, higher education, students with disabilities, accessibility, enrollment, report, Texas State Technical College System, land acquisition, facilities development
Summary:
The meeting focused on significant education reform, particularly the transition of the University of Houston-Victoria into the Texas A&M system. Senator Kohlkorst led the discussions, highlighting the historical context of the partnership and the challenges ahead in transitioning governance, especially regarding accreditation and technical support. Community leaders expressed their support, emphasizing the need for alignment with regional industry needs to enhance educational programs that would ultimately benefit both students and the local economy. Notably, testimony from James Hallmark and Dwayne Crocker highlighted both the potential growth for the region and the collaborative spirit of the involved institutions in implementing this transition.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- a wide...
- Nearly four years later, we're finally beginning to gain a clear understanding of the types of bail.
- To grant this type of exemption, there is an expectation that a rational amount of this money should
- This is a, when used appropriately, this is a...
- That would have limited those types of visas to a.
Bills:
HJR1, HB9, HB21, HB26, HB30, HB37, HB116, HB630, HB879, HB913, HB1151, HB1318, HB1593, HB1899, HB2703, HB2809, HB2890, HB2970, HB3307, HB3526, HB5092, SB128, SB203, SB317, SB393, SB397, SB644, SB731, SB801, SB913, SB1071, SB1073, SB1086, SB1087, SB1232, SB1250, SB1262, SB1285, SB1310, SB1359, SB1444, SB1483, SB1705, SB1782, SB1861, SB1897, SB1944, SB2023, SB2043, SB2082, SB2133, SB2215, SB2297, SB2298, SB2309, SB2532, SB2549, SB2566, SB2617, SB2619, SB2639, SB2688, SB2696, SB2717, SB2790, SB2841, SB2847, SB2850, SB2857, SB2891, SB2919, SB2928, SB2972, SB3052, SB3053, SB1, SB260, SB1506, SB1637, HB37, HB109, HB334, HB1130, HB1238, HB1327, HB1610, HB1615, HB1620, HB1689, HB2081, HB2809, HB2884, HB2890, HB4215, HB5092, HCR7, HCR75, HCR86, HCR92, HCR93, HCR126, SB644, SB1086, SB1230, SB1310, SB1361, SB1553, SB1778, SB1790, SB2344, SB2460, SB2515, SB2600, SB2747, SB2751, SB2785, SB2790, SB3047, SB3048, SB3050, SB3051, SB3052, SB3053, SB3056, SB3058, SB3061, HJR1, HB1130, HB1689, HB2884, HB1393, HB2559, HB26, HB3012, HB1327, HB109, HB1238, HB2890, HB9, HB4215, HB2970, HB37, HB1899, HB1593, HB2607, HB3526, HB3810, HB5092, HB388, HB2809, HB1151, HB913, HB3307, HB879, HB116, HB12, HB2703, HB1610, HB1615, HB1620, HB30, HB21, HB2712, HB2692, HB1633, HB1318, HB685, HB630, HB4753, HB2742, HB303, HB198, HB1535, HB762, HB148, HB1520, HB5061, HB2286, HB1606, HB1041, HB132, HB11, HCR7, HCR75, HCR86, HCR92, HCR93, HCR126, SJR36, SJR50, SJR63, SCR12, SCR39, SB2023, SB1310, SB2972, SB1073, SB2847, SB2532, SB2619, SB62, SB666, SB847, SB284, SB854, SB810, SB1505, SB583, SB507, SB1434, SB1772, SB2016, SB1122, SB731, SB397, SB508, SB1436, SB287, SB1882, SB393, SB1791, SB209, SB2429, SB511, SB2309, SB1085, SB1975, SB2717, SB1262, SB636, SB2056, SB884, SB1200, SB1845, SB2458, SB801, SB3014, SB3013, SB758, SB2797, SB2076, SB2876, SB1640, SB1449, SB1181, SB1359, SB1234, SB2926, SB2841, SB1528, SB2891, SB1854, SB317, SB1250, SB2082, SB1285, SB1237, SB2819, SB629, SB2608, SB1602, SB2009, SB2460, SB867, SB640, SB1698, SB2680, SB2994, SB2747, SB913, SB1071, SB1086, SB1087, SB1483, SB1444, SB1553, SB1556, SB1703, SB2133, SB2297, SB2298, SB2622, SB2955, SB2334, SB1861, SB2043, SB1367, SB2857, SB128, SB3058, SB2044, SB2363, SB2565, SB1888, SB3048, SB3052, SB3053, SB3036, SB3057, SB3056, SB3043, SB3050, SB3063, SB3035, SB1790, SB1778, SB203, SB3061, SB2799, SB2790, SB2688, SB2515, SB1230, SB2522, SB2639, SB2459, SB3051, SB2655, SB2251, SB1884, SB2617, SB2751, SB2928, SB2566, SB1897, SB1749, SB1361, SB2549, SB2553, SB2919, SB1782, SB1705, SB2696, SB1944, SB2215, SB644, SB1232, SB2850, HB45, HB48, HB1261, HB1465, HB1778, HB2596, HB5238, HB33, HB1188, HB210, HB1022, HB1458, HB5560, HB1240, HB1950, HB2027, HB2768, HB2788, HB2791, HB3146, HB3698, HB3699, HB1893, HB3700, HB4850, HB4187, HB1397, HB4885, HB4804, HB3751, HB3611, HB2775, HB2061, HB2003, HB1729, HB1242, HB791, HB2029, HB647, HB2522, HB4738, HB3033, HB3594, HB3474, HB2563, HB2802, HCR90, SJR87, SB2969, SB3073, SB2497, SB1798, SB2603, SB2607, SB781
Keywords:
housing finance, multifamily residential, low income, tax exemption, audit requirements, affordable housing, local government, development bonds, Medicaid, nutrition support, maternal health, chronic conditions, pilot program, disaster relief, tax rates, local government, voter-approval tax rate, emergency services, perinatal bereavement, healthcare
Summary:
The committee meeting was marked by extensive discussions surrounding several key bills, particularly those affecting child welfare and educational reforms. A significant portion of the meeting was dedicated to debating HB1151, which aims to clarify the grounds for child neglect and the subsequent termination of parental rights. Senator West highlighted the bill's intent to protect parental rights in medical decision-making, drawing notable attention and support from various members. The bill passed with unanimous consent, reflecting a broad agreement on its importance. Additionally, Senate Bill 2847 gained traction, focusing on innovations in core curriculum designed to expedite the awarding of bachelor's degrees. The passage of this bill was praised as a progressive step toward improving educational outcomes in Texas, with multiple senators, including Senators King and Crayton, contributing their insights to bolster its approval.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- M-Victoria, be a vibrant anchor tenant in Victoria, a source of vitality for the community and a place
- Just yesterday, we shared a draft MOU with a...
- It's also a very good placed area for A&M because if you go back to A&M, it's agricultural and what?
- Okay, I think Representative Lauderbach has realized that he's hitching a ride up behind a.
- I'd also say that anyone who knows Texas A&M knows that 12 is a magic number.
Bills:
SB530, SB757, SB769, SB1085, SB1241, SB1242, SB1409, SB1878, SB2138, SB2314, SB2231, SB2361, SB2431, SJR59
Keywords:
accreditation, postsecondary education, Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board, baccalaureate degrees, junior colleges, program delivery, faculty recruitment, higher education, performance standards, student loan debt, degree programs, funding, higher education, students with disabilities, accessibility, enrollment, report, Texas State Technical College System, land acquisition, facilities development
Summary:
The Senate Committee on Education convened to discuss several important bills, prominently featuring Senate Bill 2361, which proposes the transition of the University of Houston-Victoria into the Texas A&M University System. Testimonies from community leaders such as Mayor Dwayne Crocker highlighted the significant positive implications this shift could have for local education and economic development. The consensus was that the integration would not only elevate educational opportunities but also enhance the region's workforce alignment with industry needs, particularly in fields like engineering and agriculture. Additionally, SB 530 was introduced, focusing on removing restrictions on which accrediting bodies universities can engage for accreditation, a move that aims to modernize Texas educational regulations to align with recent federal changes.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Culture, Recreation & Tourism Mar 27th, 2025 at 10:03 am
House Culture, Recreation & Tourism Committee
Keywords:
library grants, construction, public libraries, Texas State Library and Archives Commission, community resources, livestock, rodeo, grant program, agricultural education, county fairs, funding, economic development, prescribed burn, Texas A&M Forest Service, Parks and Wildlife Department, fire safety, environmental management, agricultural conservation, land preservation, environmental protection
Summary:
The meeting focused on HB1480, which aims to amend existing government codes to better clarify regulations surrounding prescribed burns and land management. Testimonies were heard from various stakeholders, including ranchers and environmental experts, each presenting their perspectives on the implications of the bill. A significant emphasis was placed on the potential benefits or detriments that the changes might bring to local communities and ecosystems. The discourse highlighted the tension between agricultural practices and environmental stewardship, with both sides presenting compelling arguments.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Natural Resources Mar 26th, 2025 at 08:00 am
House Natural Resources Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- Most of these systems will use a membrane bioreactor; it's the best available technology to get to type
- It took two and a half years and a lot of hard work.
- So, as long as you get a bill from ABC Water Company and you receive a notice of a rate increase.
- The Office of Public Utility Counsel has a legislative mandate to participate in these types of proceedings
- in each year, up to four years in a row, and get a 5% increase without a litigation rate case.
Keywords:
groundwater, export fees, conservation district, interlocal contracts, water supply, groundwater, water conservation, permit application, neighboring districts, aquifer, water rates, utility regulation, financial hardship, rate increase cap, Class A utilities, dissolution, special districts, water code, inactive districts, environmental quality
Summary:
The recent meeting of the Natural Resources Committee covered significant discussions primarily focused on various water-related bills, notably HB685, HB1918, HB2601, and HB2608. Representative Wally introduced HB1918, which seeks to limit water rate increases for Class A utilities to a maximum of 20% every 36 months. The bill is in response to alarming reports from constituents who experienced drastic increases in their water bills, leading to concerns about financial sustainability for residents on fixed incomes. Supporters emphasized the need for better regulations to protect consumers, while opponents argued that the bill could dissuade necessary investments in utility infrastructure, jeopardizing service quality. Public testimony was a vital component, with various stakeholders expressing both support and opposition to the proposals under discussion.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- for a hook'em or a gig'em.
- Always do a good job. Thank you.
- A&M too.
- between UT and Texas A&M are working collaboratively on a mobile presidential library.
- Give him a big hand.
Keywords:
teacher compensation, education funding, public school educators, teacher retention, teacher designation, lottery, gambling, internet gaming, mobile application, criminal offenses, teacher compensation, education funding, public school educators, teacher retention, teacher designation, aquifer, water management, Edwards Aquifer, sustainability, regulatory framework
Summary:
The meeting of the Texas Senate primarily celebrated 'Orange and Maroon Day,' an event recognizing the contributions of the University of Texas and Texas A&M to higher education in Texas. Chair Senator Creighton presented Senate Resolution 152, emphasizing the importance of collaboration between these institutions and their impacts on education. Members showed strong camaraderie, sharing personal anecdotes and support for each other's alma maters, allowing for spirited exchanges between Aggies and Longhorns alike. Special guests from both universities were acknowledged, fostering an atmosphere of unity in promoting educational excellence.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Natural Resources Mar 26th, 2025 at 10:30 am
House Natural Resources Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- That's a lot.
- , and if it gets 75% consensus, we take action on a bill or take a position on a bill, and that position
- All you see is this single export project, and it's—this is a type of...
- matter or any type of due diligence that a developer might do prior to the acquisition of the property
- It's a part to provide a provision for the dissolution of a district that approves and grants...
Keywords:
groundwater, export fees, conservation district, interlocal contracts, water supply, groundwater, water conservation, permit application, neighboring districts, aquifer, water rates, utility regulation, financial hardship, rate increase cap, Class A utilities, dissolution, special districts, water code, inactive districts, environmental quality
Summary:
The committee meeting focused on addressing several important water-related bills, including HB391, HB420, and HB2626 among others. Representative Bell presented updates on HB391 related to accountability for rural water districts, achieving a consensus for statewide applicability and allowing for virtual meetings. Multiple testimonies were heard, showcasing both support for and concerns regarding the bills, specifically emphasizing the significance of maintaining water resources and addressing community needs amid Texas's growth. Representative Buckley advocated for HB2626 aimed at establishing the Central Texas Water Alliance to ensure sustainable water management across the region, which involves collaboration among various public, private, and state entities.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Business and Commerce (Part I) Apr 8th, 2025
Senate Business & Commerce Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- containment vessel—the containment dome that many people recognize with a nuclear reactor—and that type
- I think that we've got to pick a set of technologies. Maybe it's just not one type of SMR.
- You know, maybe it's a few types of technologies.
- As was mentioned before, We don't want to make a Vogel-type
- The reality of the situation is we're going to generate a lot more, a lot of different types, exotic
Keywords:
utility systems, Texas A&M, regents authority, construction, improvement, construction contracts, trust funds, property rights, mechanics lien, contractors, trustee liability, construction contracts, trust funds, mechanic's lien, liability, attorney's fees, windstorm insurance, Texas Windstorm Insurance Association, insurance regulation, administrative penalties
Summary:
In this committee meeting, a wide range of topics were addressed, notably the advancement of nuclear energy in Texas. The committee discussed Senate Bill 2967, aimed at exploring innovative energy technologies and the role of nuclear power in ensuring energy security. Several expert testimonies were heard, including insights from former PUC Commissioner Doug Robinson, who emphasized the potential of modular reactors and necessary state support to navigate the financial challenges commonly faced by nuclear energy projects. The committee's focus was on understanding current nuclear technology stages, determining required state incentives, and assessing the overall energy landscape in Texas.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
Business and Commerce (Part II) Apr 8th, 2025
Senate Business & Commerce Committee
Transcript Highlights:
It moves its headquarters from a tier one to a tier one
- That's been a problem.
- home or a business.
- It's a significant expense.
- This is a bill that changes TWIA's funding structure to a...
Keywords:
utility systems, Texas A&M, regents authority, construction, improvement, construction contracts, trust funds, property rights, mechanics lien, contractors, trustee liability, construction contracts, trust funds, mechanic's lien, liability, attorney's fees, windstorm insurance, Texas Windstorm Insurance Association, insurance regulation, administrative penalties
Summary:
The committee meeting revolved around important discussions regarding two significant bills, SB2530 and SB2571, intended to address the funding challenges faced by the Texas Windstorm Insurance Association (TWIA). Senator Milton highlighted the need for reforms due to escalating reinsurance costs that have risen to over 60% of premiums. A notable focus was the proposed dynamic funding model, which aims to reduce reliance on fixed assessments and public securities tied to the current Probable Maximum Loss (PML) structure, allowing funding to adjust based on actual needs. Both bills received mixed responses, with public testimonies citing the potential for increased financial burdens on insurance companies if the assessments were restructured without careful consideration of market conditions.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- So as a practical matter, that's a great question.
- or a nickel in a long time, but, or a penny, right?
- When a Texan goes into an FDIC insured institution, what type of disclosures do they get?
- What type of account is being created? Is it a single-party account? Is it a multi-party account?
- Can you be a little more specific? A little bit more specific about that—is there a case?
Keywords:
severance tax, oil, gas, restimulation wells, tax exemption, civil penalty, hydrocarbons, Texas Railroad Commission, higher education, funding, financial allocation, state budget, Texas A&M University, University of Houston, education funding, gold standard, legal tender, currency, transactional currency, financial transactions
Summary:
The meeting covered multiple bills, primarily focusing on House Bill 2802, which relates to the Austin Firefighter Retirement Fund Pension, and House Bill 1056 regarding the establishment of gold and silver as legal tender in Texas. Senator Schwartner introduced several committee substitutes aimed at improving provisions in these bills, with the committee discussing amendments and seeking public testimony on the implications of these changes. Notably, the discussion highlighted varying perspectives on the use of gold as a currency and its constitutional implications, eliciting significant public and legislative engagement.
TX
Texas 2025 - 89th Regular
S/C on Transportation Funding Apr 14th, 2025 at 10:04 am
House S/C on Transportation Funding
Transcript Highlights:
- would be a lot heavier and a lot bigger to hold the rail and ties together.
- It sounds like y'all have done a heck of a job.
- Texas has made a declaration that Texas is a non-toll environment.
- first and a second."
- I mean, it really amounts to a frivolous charge when a person is during an emergency, like a hurricane
Bills:
HB1589, HB2208, HB2297, HB2560, HB2725, HB3080, HB4417, HB4473, HB4520, HB4662, HB4888, HB4905, HB4906
Keywords:
toll collection, vehicle registration, electronic notices, administrative fees, nonpayment penalties, Adopt-a-County Road, funding, road maintenance, county partnership, public recognition, toll discounts, emergency responders, transportation, discount programs, public service, roadway funding, border security, transportation facilities, commercial motor vehicles, local government
Summary:
The committee meeting centered on several key legislative bills focused primarily on transportation and toll road policies. Notable discussions included HB1589, which aims to require voter approval before any new toll road can be constructed. Representative Dirty emphasized that Texans should have a voice regarding tolling roads they didn't vote for, while opponents argued that this could impede necessary road funding. HB2725, which proposed toll exemptions for first responders, also received significant attention as it seeks to alleviate financial burdens on those who serve the community during emergencies. Witnesses testified on behalf of these bills, providing personal stories and statistics to support their positions.